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Anatomy > Unit Test 1 > Flashcards

Unit Test 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Define -
Anatomy
Physiology
Homeostasis

A

Anatomy- The study of the structure of organisms and their parts
Physiology- The study of bodily part function
Homeostasis- A condition of which a living organism maintains a stable and constant internal environment

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2
Q

Digestion

A

breaks down food in the body to release nutrients absorbs nutrients and excretes solid waste products
(Stomach, large intestine, small intestine, pancreas, gallbladder, esophagus)

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3
Q

Reproduction

A

secrete sex hormones produces and transport sex cells allows for the development of offspring in females
(ovaries, testes, uterus, fallopian tubes, prostate)

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4
Q

Circulatory

A

Transports blood and other bodily fluids throughout the body to each cell
(heart, coronary, blood, arteries, veins, capillaries)

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5
Q

Endocrine

A

regulates body activities by the release of hormones maintains balance of metabolical functions and maintains homeostasis
(pituitary, ovaries, thyroid, hypothalamus, testes)

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6
Q

Immune

A

serves as the body‘s defense system offers protection and resistance to disease removes damaged or abnormal cells
(lymph nodes, spleen, bone marrow, tonsils, lymph vessels)

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7
Q

Integumentary

A

protects underlying structures against invasion by harmful microorganisms excretes waste and regulate body temperature
(dermis, epidermis, hair, skin, nails)

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8
Q

Lymphatic

A

serves as a part of the body‘s defense system removes fluids through tissue spaces surrounding cells to the blood moves fat related nutrients from the digestive track to where they can be reabsorbed into the general circulation
(lymph nodes, lymph, thymus, bone marrow, tonsils)

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9
Q

Muscular

A

produces movement and generates heat for the body

(cardiac muscles, smooth muscles, adductor muscles, deltoid, bicep)

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10
Q

Nervous

A

generates transmits and recognizes nerve impulses maintains homeostasis
(brain, spinal cord, neurons, eyes, nose, ears) 

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11
Q

Respiratory

A

responsible for gas exchange CO2&O2

(lungs, diaphragm, trachea, nasal cavity, larynx) 

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12
Q

Skeletal

A

provides framework for support and protects as well as formed blood cells and acts as a mineral reservoir and provides levers for muscles (joints, bones, ligaments, cartilage, connective tissue)

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13
Q

Urinary

A

filters waste products from the blood and excretes them

Kidneys, urethra, bladder, ureters, adrenal gland

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14
Q

Chemical

A

Collection of atoms and elements

lipid, carbohydrate, protein, nucleic acid

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15
Q

organelle

A

Collection of chemicals that preform a specific function

ribosomes, mitochondria, nucleus

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16
Q

Cellular

A

Collection of organelles that preform a specific function

(neurons, erythrocytes, osteocytes, nephrons, hepatocytes) 

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17
Q

tissue

A

Collection of cells that come together to perform a specific function
(epithelial, Nervous, connective, muscular, skeletal)

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18
Q

Organs

A

Collection of tissues that come together to perform a specific function
(heart, Lungs, brain, stomach, intestines) 

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19
Q

Systems

A

A collection of organs that come together to perform a specific function
(circulatory, skeletal, urinary, digestive, nervous, endocrine)

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20
Q

organism

A

A collection of systems that come together to create an organism
(unicellular,  multicellular, Protista, human, bacteria) 

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21
Q

Lateral

A

Toward the side and away from the mid sagittal plane

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22
Q

medial

A

Toward the mid sagittal plane and away from the side of the body

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23
Q

anterior

A

Toward the front of the body

24
Q

posterior

A

toward the back of the body

25
Q

 superior

A

Toward the top of the body

26
Q

inferior

A

toward the bottom of the body

27
Q

dorsal

A

Along the vertebral surface of the body or the back side of the body

28
Q

ventral

A

Along or toward the belly surface of the body

29
Q

Proximal

A

toward the trunk position of a limb

30
Q

distal

A

away from the trunk or point of attachment relating to limb

31
Q

visceral

A

Toward the internal organ or away from the outer wall

32
Q

parietal

A

Toward the wall or away from internal organs and structures

33
Q

deep

A

Away from the surface toward the inside of a part

34
Q

superficial

A

Toward the surface and away from the inside of the body

35
Q

Medullary

A

Refers to the inner region

36
Q

Cortical

A

refers to an outer region

37
Q

responsiveness

A

ability to sense monitor and respond to changes externally and internally in environments

38
Q

conductivity

A

Capacity of living cells to transmit a wave of electrical disturbance from one point to another

39
Q

respiration

A

Exchanges of respiratory gases between an organism and it’s in

40
Q

digestion

A

Process by which complex food products are broken down into simpler substances that can be absorbed and used in bodily he

41
Q

absorption

A

Movement of molecules such as respiratory gases or digestive nutrients through membrane into bodily fluids for transportation to cells

42
Q

 secretion

A

production or release of important substances like digestive juices hormones for diverse body functions

43
Q

Excretion

A

Removal of waste products from the body

44
Q

Circulation

A

Movement a body fluids containing many substances from one area of the body to another in a continuous circle route through hollow vessels

45
Q

Reproduction

A

formation of new individual offspring

46
Q

 Midsagittal

A

Exact midline of the body cutting into equal and symmetrical right and left halves

47
Q

sagittal

A

plain running from front to back and top to bottom dividing the body into right and left sides

48
Q

Coronal

A

Playing running from side to side and top to bottom dividing the body into anterior and posterior positions

49
Q

Transverse

A

Clean divides the body into upper and lower parts

50
Q

Dorsal cavities

A

Cranial cavity and spinal cavity hold the brain and the spinal cord

51
Q

Ventral cavities

A

holds the thoracic cavity the plural cavity the mediastinum and the diaphragm holding the heart trachea esophagus thymus blood vessels

52
Q

abdominal pelvic cavity

A

liver gallbladder stomach pancreas intestines spleen kidneys and ureters

53
Q

pelvic cavity

A

Uterus fallopian tube’s reproductive organs

54
Q

Positive feedback loop

A

amplifying change instead of returning it to normal

55
Q

negative feedback loop

A

Reaction that causes a decrease returning disturbance to normal

Anatomy (4 decks)

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