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Science 9 > Unit review > Flashcards

Unit review Flashcards

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1
Q

Atomic number

A

the number of protons

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2
Q

atomic mass

A

number of protons plus neutrons

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3
Q

electrolysis

A

the passing of a direct current through an electrolyte producing chemical reactions.

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4
Q

law of definite composition

A

Chemical compounds are made up of constant and specified ratios of elements.

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5
Q

law of conservation of mass

A

in chemical reactions no matter is gained or lost.

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6
Q

matter is grouped into 2 categories

A

pure substances and mixture

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7
Q

Pure substances

A

contains only one kind of matter. This can either be one single element or one single compound

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8
Q

pure substances are classified into?

A

elements and compounds

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9
Q

elements

A

An element is a substance that cannot be broken down into any other substance.

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10
Q

compounds

A

means there are multiple types of atoms (e.g. H2O, S02, CO2, CH4).

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11
Q

mixtures are classified into?

A

homogeneous and heterogeneous

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12
Q

Homogeneous

A

means uniform composition. (e.g. vodka, rain, water). Its basically things that you can break down, but you can’t use simple mechanics to separate the things.

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13
Q

Heterogeneous

A

irregular composition. (e.g. ice in soda, cereal in milk, soil.) Its possible to separate components.

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14
Q

what is the smallest part of a compound?

A

a molecule

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15
Q

Molecules

A

A molecule is a group of two or more atoms held together by chemical bonds. its the same element . For example: H2 or N2 or O3

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16
Q

physical change

A

A physical change is when the form of the matter changes, but the substance does not.

17
Q

chemical change

A

A chemical change is when the matter changes and at least one new substance is formed.

18
Q

evidence of a chemical change

A

gas bubbles, color change, change in volume e.t.c

19
Q

evidence of a physical change.

A

change of size, volume, color (like food coloring), density

20
Q

Particle model of matter/ Dalton’s theory.

A

Everything is composed of atoms- indivisible and cannot be destroyed.

All atoms of an element are identical. (The hydrogen in the sun is the same as the hydrogen in a pigs body).

The atoms of different elements vary in size.

Compounds are formed by a combination of two or more different kinds of atoms.

A chemical reaction is a rearrangement of atoms.

21
Q

Different model of atoms

A

The plum pudding, planetary model, Bohr model, and electron cloud model.

22
Q

Plum pudding model

A

The plum pudding model states that electrons are surrounded by a volume of positive charges.

23
Q

Planetary model

A

The atom consisted of a small dense and positively charged nucleus around which electrons orbited in circular rings.

24
Q

Bohr model

A

The electrons orbited round the nucleus and the electrons were confined to set orbits around the nucleus.

25
Q

Electron cloud model

A

The electron cloud model says that we cannot know exactly where an electron is at any given time, but the electrons are more likely to be in specific areas.

26
Q

How are elements arranged in the periodic table?

A

They are arranged by the increasing atomic number.

27
Q

Why are elements into families and groups?

A

Because they have similar chemical properties.

28
Q

List 3 elements in the same period on the periodic table

A

Na- Sodium
Mg-Magnesium
Al- Aluminium ( answers may differ) This is period 3

29
Q

List 3 elements in the same group (family) on the periodic table

A

F- Fluorine
Cl- Chlorine
Br- Bromine. (answers may differ) This is group halogens or group 17.

30
Q

Metals

A

are on the left side of the periodic table

31
Q

Metalliods

A

are in the middle of the periodic table

32
Q

Non-metals

A

are on the right side of the periodic table.

Science 9 (3 decks)

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