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Biology > Unit Review > Flashcards

Unit Review Flashcards

1
Q

Components of an ecosystem

A

Abiotic and biotic

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2
Q

Ecosystem

A

All living organisms that share a region and interact with one another.

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3
Q

Population

A

Group of the same species

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4
Q

Community

A

All the different species that make up the ecosystem

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5
Q

Lithosphere

A

The rocky shell of the planet, which is above the organic mantle

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6
Q

Food chains

A

A chart that shows who eats whom in nature, and shows where an organism sits in its appropriate feeding level

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7
Q

Food webs

A

A much more complex version of food chains, and shows the impact of introducing or eliminating species in a web

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8
Q

Herbivore

A

Animal that eats plants or producers

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9
Q

Mutualism

A

A relationship in where both species benefit

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10
Q

Invasive species

A

A foreign species whose introduction negatively impacts the natural environment

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11
Q

Bioaccumulation

A

Increase in concentration of a substance the higher it goes up the food chain

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12
Q

Atmosphere

A

Gas layer hundreds of kilometres above the earth’s surface

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13
Q

Hydrosphere

A

All water above and below the earth

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14
Q

Producer

A

Able to make its own food through photosynthesis

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15
Q

Carnivores

A

Animal that eats other animals

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16
Q

Abiotic

A

Non-living

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17
Q

Biotic

A

Living

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18
Q

Carrying capacity

A

The maximum population size in an ecosystem

19
Q

Commensalism

A

A relationship where one organism benefits and the other is neither harmed or benefited

20
Q

Niche

A

How an organism interacts with its environment

21
Q

Consumer

A

Must get their energy by eating other organisms

22
Q

Terrestrial

A

On earth

23
Q

Omnivores

A

Animal that eats both plants and animals

24
Q

Biosphere

A

Places in the 3 other spheres where life can exist

25
Q

Decomposers

A

Consume dead animals/plants and reduce them to simpler forms of matter

26
Q

Parasitism

A

A relationship where one species is harmed and the other species is benefited

27
Q

Pesticides

A

Chemicals that are used to control the living organisms through poison or toxicity

28
Q

Sustainability

A

The ability to maintain balance in an ecosystem

29
Q

Biodiversity

A

The variety of life in an ecosystem, which is highest around the equator

30
Q

Sustainable ecosystem

A

Ecosystems that have the ability to maintain balance

31
Q

What causes an ecosystem to not be sustainable?

A

Its limiting factors, as well as negative human interaction

32
Q

Photosynthesis

A

The process that allows light energy to be converted into chemical energy

33
Q

True or false: all of the energy on earth comes from plants

A

False. Energy is harnessed by plants, but the energy itself comes from the sun

34
Q

Where in the producer does photosynthesis happen?

A

The chlorophyll

35
Q

Limiting factor

A

Any factor that limits the size of a population

36
Q

True or false: Biotic factors determines where species live

A

False. It is the abiotic factor

37
Q

A food chain shows…

A

Simple feeding relationships

38
Q

Give an example of both an abiotic and biotic limiting factor.

A

For a terrestrial ecosystem, an abiotic limiting factor would be the temperature. A biotic limiting factor would be the producers.

39
Q

How do limiting factors effect the sustainability of an ecosystem?

A

They effect the sustainability because they control almost everything in the ecosystem, such as…

40
Q

Tolerance range

A

A specific range of factors that determine if a species can survive if it is in said range.

41
Q

Name 4 ways the humans have decreased the biodiversity in ecosystems

A

Deforestation
Housing and Farming Development
Pollution
Climate Change

42
Q

Biomass

A

The total mass of all the species in a trophic level, which decreases as you go up the food chain

43
Q

What percentage of energy carries over each trophic level? Why?

A

10%, because the rest of the energy is used up by doing daily tasks

Biology (4 decks)

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