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Unit 3: Animal Behavior > Unit Review > Flashcards

Unit Review Flashcards

1
Q

Alpha Dog

A

The highest-ranking dog in any group

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2
Q

Behavior Modification Programs

A

Training courses that use rewards and reprimands to stimulate changes in behavior

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3
Q

Behaviorism

A

The ethological approach that holds that behavior is learned rather than genetically programmed

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4
Q

Breaking Litter Box Training

A

When a cat urinates or defecates someplace other than its litter box

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5
Q

Breeding

A

Behaviors that produce and provide for a new generation

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6
Q

Carnivorous

A

Meat-eating

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7
Q

Classical Conditioning

A

The type of conditioned learning that associates stimuli that occur at approximately the same time or in roughly the same area

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8
Q

Classical Ethology

A

Asserts that much of what animals know is instinctive or innate

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9
Q

Classroom

A

Dog-training sessions conducted in classes with other dogs and owners, geared to familiarizing a dog with other dogs and strangers, thereby minimizing aggressive tendencies

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10
Q

Conditioned Stimulus

A

Sensory input unrelated to a simple reflex behavior

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11
Q

Corrective Collar

A

A sliding chain collar, also called a choke collar or choke chain, designed to apply pressure on a dog’s neck with a slight tug

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12
Q

Courtship

A

Attracting a mate

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13
Q

Dance

A

A complex pattern of movements performed by a bee that directs other bees to a food source

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14
Q

Estrus

A

The second stage of heat, during which the female becomes fertile

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15
Q

Ethology

A

The study of animal behavior

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16
Q

Evolution

A

The scientific theory that characterizes all related organisms as descended from common ancestors

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17
Q

Feeding

A

The taking or giving of food

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18
Q

Fixed Action Pattern

A

A term used by early ethologists to describe stereotypical or predictable species behaviors

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19
Q

Function

A

In ethological terms, survival value

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20
Q

Grooming

A

Keeping clean and free of parasites

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21
Q

Habituation

A

The process of learning that certain objects and events have little bearing on survival and can thus be ignored

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22
Q

Hackles

A

The hairs over the neck and back that stand up in response to fright or anger

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23
Q

Heat

A

The female fertile cycle

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24
Q

Herbivores

A

Animals that don’t eat other animals or insects

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25
Q

Hermaphrodites

A

Organisms equipped with both male and female sexual organs

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26
Q

Hoarding

A

Storing surplus food against future need

27
Q

House Soiling

A

Urinating or defecating inside the home

28
Q

Imprinting

A

The acquisition in the very young of certain fixed action patterns

29
Q

Innate

A

Instinctive

30
Q

Instinct

A

A combination of unlearned responses characteristic of a species

31
Q

Instrumental Learning

A

Learning by trial and error

32
Q

Jacobsen’s Organ

A

A tiny opening in a cat’s mouth that combines smell and taste to record and locate smells more precisely

33
Q

Kennel Training

A

Intensive dog-training sessions that involve boarding the dog at a kennel for a period of two weeks or longer

34
Q

Locomotion

A

Movement, or the ability to move from one place to another

35
Q

Mapping

A

The process an animal uses to assess a new environment

36
Q

Mating

A

The process that combines both parents’ genetic material

37
Q

Migration

A

Movement of living things from one geographic area to another by their own volition

38
Q

Natural Selection

A

The process that awards survival and reproductive success to individuals and groups best adjusted to their environment

39
Q

Naturalists

A

Natural scientists

40
Q

Nature-Nurture Controversy

A

The importance of learning versus the importance of instinct

41
Q

Navigation

A

Animals are guided by the sun, stars, and features of the land.

42
Q

Operant Conditioning

A

The type of conditioned learning that associates a certain activity, known as the operant, with punishment or reward

43
Q

Operant

A

Functioning or tending to produce effects

44
Q

Parental Behavior

A

The various techniques employed by animals to provide for their offspring

45
Q

Play

A

Animal activity that shows no direct or immediate bearing upon survival

46
Q

Preen

A

What birds do to pluck away soiled feathers, parasites, and undesirable particles

47
Q

Private Lessons

A

Dog-training sessions conducted in the owner’s home, or occasionally at the trainer’s studio or classroom; the trainer works closely with both owner and dog to instill basic commands or resolve problems.

48
Q

Proestrus

A

The first stage of heat, during which the female isn’t fertile

49
Q

Recognition of Individuals

A

The process that allows animals to distinguish their place in a social context broader than their relationship with primary caregivers

50
Q

Sensitive Period

A

A specific stage early in an animal’s life when imprinting occurs

51
Q

Shake Can

A

A can with pebbles or coins in it designed to startle a dog back to attention

52
Q

Social Behavior

A

The ways individual members of the same species interact with one another

53
Q

Socialization

A

The process of adapting to contact with others

54
Q

Sociobiology

A

The study of the biological bases of social behavior

55
Q

Spatial Learning

A

Mapping

56
Q

Spraying

A

Staining surfaces with a strong-smelling urine

57
Q

Stimulus-Response Theory

A

The psychological school of thought that holds all complex forms of behavior,including emotions, thoughts, and habits, are complex muscular and glandular responses that can be observed and measured

58
Q

Territorial

A

Prone to defining and defending areas of sleep, eating, exercise, and play

59
Q

Throw Chain

A

A chain that’s thrown on the ground to startle a dog back to attention

60
Q

Training Leash

A

A six-foot dog leash allowing the dog some freedom of movement while still affording ample control

61
Q

Unconditioned Response

A

A simple reflex behavior

62
Q

Unconditioned Stimulus

A

Sensory input that produces a simple reflex behavior

63
Q

Wobble

A

A training maneuver designed to disorient a bird by abruptly dropping the hand it’s perched upon

Unit 3: Animal Behavior (10 decks)

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