Unit One - Tsar Nicholas II

Question 1

Social Problems

Answer 1

80% of 130m pop = peasants
Only 800,000 industrial workers
6 universities with 3.5k students

Question 2

Size of Russia

Answer 2

8,000,000km^2

Question 3

Economic Issues

Answer 3

Lack of productivity
Reliance on FDI
Rising exports
Famine 1891 / 1897
Lack of demand
Harsh + Cold winters
Backwards agriculture
Underdeveloped banking

Question 4

Liberals

Answer 4

Left
Democratic + Western gov
Greater freedoms

Question 5

Kadets + Octobrists

Answer 5

Left - more intelligent
Moderate support for Tsar

Question 6

Populists

Answer 6

Revolutionaries focusing on peasants
People’s will - assassinated Alexander II

Question 7

SRs

Answer 7

Created through Populist movement
2000 Political assassinations
Revolutionary socialism

Question 8

SDs

Answer 8

Ideology off Karl Marx
Split in 1903

Question 9

Mensheviks

Answer 9

Led by Martov + Plekhanov
Democratic
Worked with other parties

Question 10

Bolsheviks

Answer 10

Led by Lenin
Did not cooperate
Stalin led B bombing of post office - 50 dead / 1.7m in damages

Question 11

Witte

Answer 11

Great spurt
Loans from abroad
State capitalism
Protective tariffs
Currency on gold standard
Improved railways

Question 12

Improved railways

Answer 12

1881 = 13,000 miles track
1913 = 43,000 miles track

Question 13

Witte good?

Answer 13

Coal x6
Iron x4.5
Oil x2
Grain x2.5
Russia 4th largest economy

Question 14

Witte bad?

Answer 14

Dependent on foreign loans
Neglect of agriculture (80% pop)
Influence restricted by:
Focus on military - 50% budget
Disliked / ignored