Unit one test 1.2 +1.3

Question 1

Biome

Answer 1

an area that shares a combination of avg. yearly temp and precipitation (climate)

Question 2

Latitude (distance from equator)

Answer 2

determines temp and precipitation which is why biomes exist in a predictable pattern on earth

Question 3

nutrient availability

Answer 3

plants need soil nutrients to grow and the availability determines which plants live in a biome

Question 4

nutrient availability of the tundra

Answer 4

frozen soils of the tundra dont allow for nutrients in dead organic matter to be broken down by decomposers.
-low soil nutrients
-low water availability
-few plants survive here

Question 5

nutrient availability of the tropical rainforest

Answer 5

nutrient poor soil (high competition from so many different species)

Question 6

nutrient availability of the boreal forest

Answer 6

nutrient poor soil (low temp and low decomposition rate of dead organic matter)

Question 7

nutrient availability of the temp. forest

Answer 7

nutrient rich soil ( lots of dead organic matter leaves and warm temp/ moisture for decomposition)

Question 8

littoral

Answer 8

shallow water with emergent plants

Question 9

Limnetic

Answer 9

Where light can reach. No rooted plants only phytoplankton

Question 10

Profundal

Answer 10

too deep for sunlight

Question 11

Benthic

Answer 11

Murky bottom where inverts(bugs) live, nutrient rich sediments

Question 12

rivers

Answer 12

high O2 due to flow mixing water and air. Also carry nutrient rich sediments

Question 13

Lakes

Answer 13

standing bodies of fresh H20

Question 14

wetland

Answer 14

area with soil submerged/saturated in water for at least part of the year, but shallow enough for emergent plants

Question 15

benefits of wetlands

Answer 15

-stores excess water during a storm, lessening floods
-recharges groundwater by absorbing rainwater into the soil
- roots of wetland plants filter pollutants
-high plant growth due to lots of water and high nutrients in sediments

Question 16

estuaries

Answer 16

areas where rivers empty into the ocean. It is a mix of fresh and salt water and has high productivity (plant growth) due to the nutrients in the sediments that are deposited in the estuary by the river.

Question 17

salt marsh

Answer 17

estuary habitat along the coast in temperate climates. It is a breeding ground for many fish and shellfish.

Question 18

Mangrove swamps

Answer 18

estuary habitat along the coast of tropical climates. Mangrove trees stabilize the shoreline and provide habitat for many species of fish and shellfish

Question 19

coral reef

Answer 19

warm shallow waters beyond the shoreline; most diverse marine biome on earth

Question 20

intertidal zones

Answer 20

narrow band of coastline between high and low tides. organisms must be adapted to survive crashing waves and direct sunlight/heat during low tide. different organisms are adapted to live in different zones.

Question 21

open ocean

Answer 21

low productivity area as only algae and phytoplankton can survive most of the ocean. So large that algae and phytoplankton produce a lot of earths 02 and take in a lot of atmospheric co2

Question 22

photic zone

Answer 22

area where light can reach (photosynthesis)

Question 23

aphotic zone

Answer 23

area too deep for sunlight