Unit One- Social Psychology Flashcards
What is ‘Nature’
Pre-wiring and genetic inheritance as well as other biological factors explains our behaviours.
What are the 6 Behavioural Perspectives.
Psychoanalytic Behavioural Cognitive Humanistic Evolutionary Ecological
What is the Psychoanalytic Theory?
Researcher: Freud
Freud’s theory suggests that unconscious forces act to determine personality and behaviour
According to Freud, ones personality has 3 aspects: id, ego, super ego
id- raw, unorganized, in born part of personality (the pleasure one)
ego- rational and reasonable
super ego- right from wrong
What is the Cognitive Perspective?
Researcher- Lev Vygotsky
The Cognitive Perspective focuses on the processes that allow people to know, understand and think about the world
Vygotsky’s theory proposes that you cannot understand development without taking into account the culture in which children develop
What is the Humanistic Perspective?
Researcher- Maslow
The Humanistic Perspective suggests that people have a natural tendency to make decisions about their lives and control their behaviour
Maslow created the hierarchy of self actualization Bottom-->Top -Physiological -Safety -Love -Esteem -Self-actualization
What is the Evolutionary Perspective?
Researcher- Lorenz
This theory suggests that behaviour is strongly influenced by biology.
Lorenz discovered that new born geese are genetically programmed to become attached to the first thing they see after birth.
What is ‘Nurture’
External factors such as experience and learning from others influences our behaviour.
What is the Ecological Perspective?
Researcher- Brofenbrenner
The Ecological model explains individual knowledge, development, and competencies l, in terms of the guidance, support and structure provided by society.
According to Brofenbrenner, each person is significantly affected by interactions among a number of over-lapping ecosystems.
What is the ‘Behavioural Perspective’?
Researcher- Watson and Skinner
This theory suggests that the keys to understanding development are observable behaviour and outside stimuli in the environment.
Watson and Skinner’s theories of classical and operant conditioning– the bell and the dog
Define Social Psychology
Social Psychology is the study of how the thoughts, feelings and behaviours of individuals are influenced by the presence of others.
