Unit One - History Of Psychology

Question 0

Cognitive

Answer 0

Dealing with the mind

Question 1

Physiological

Answer 1

Dealing with the body

Question 2

Basic science

Answer 2

Basic science is the study of finding of new information in psychology

“new knowledge”

A study of sound waves affecting how the brain responds and behavioral patterns following

Question 3

Applied science

Answer 3

Applied science is using information already known in field work

An example of applied science would be a person who is a counselor for a living .

Question 4

Free association

Answer 4

The process of providing a person with a stimulus and using the first thing that comes to mind as a means of characterizing , or diagnosing

Question 5

What is structuralism ?

Answer 5

Study of the basic elements that make up conscious mental experiences.
Impact-Developed a method of self observation called introspection
Leaders - Wilhelm Wundt

Question 6

What is functionalism

Answer 6

A study of how consciousness functions rather an the structure.
Ex. How humans and animals adapt to their environment

Leader William James

Question 7

What is the impact of functionalism

Answer 7

The first textbook of psychology - principles of psychology 1890

All activities of the mind serve one major function
And that is to help us survive

Question 8

What is inheritable traits

Answer 8

How hereditary influences a persons abilities , character and behavior
Leaders - sir Francis Galton

Question 9

What was the impact of inheritable traits

Answer 9

Concluded that greatness runs in families.
Good marriages gave talented offspring
(Although these findings would be discredited )

Creation of personality tests

Question 10

What is gestalt psychology

Answer 10

Perception is more than the sum of its parts
They studied it as a whole.
The leaders are May Weatheimer , koffka , Kohler .
They disagreed with structuralism and behavioralism

Question 10

What’s is behavioral psychology

Answer 10

Leaders - Ivan Pavlov

Basically he studied the effects of positive reinforcement on behavior.

Concluded that behavior is the result of prior experience and learning

Behavioralists maintain that all behavior even instinctive is the result of conditioning

Question 10

What is humanistic psychology

Answer 10

Leaders Abraham Maslow , Carl Rogers , Rollie May .

Impact -developed a reaction to behavioral psychology saying that human nature is evolving and self directed.

Concluded that all other things like environment and other factors are backgrounds to our inner growth

Question 11

What is cognitive psychology

Answer 11

How we process ,store ,retrieve and use information and how it influences thinking , problem solving language and creativity. Behavior is more than a simple response to stimuli

Leaders- Jean Piaget , Noam Chomsky , and Leon festinger

Question 12

Emphasizes the impact of biology on behavior
“Behavioral neuroscience”
Impact-found a link between chemicals in our brain and human behavior

Leaders -

Behavior is the result of our physiologic makeup

Answer 12

Biological psychology

Question 13

Influence of culture and ethnic similarities on behavior and social functioning
Leaders-Doob
Impact -

Study thing such as how the social context affects behavior in different cultures

Answer 13

Sociocultural psychology

Question 14

A psychoanalytic psychologist
Who believed that our conscious experiences are not the tip of the iceberg that beneath the surface were primitive biological urges that are in conflict with the rules of society and morality.

Creation of free association and psychoanalyst methods

Answer 14

Who is Sigmund Freud

Question 15

Behavioral psychologist

Behavior is conditioned and a response to stimuli
Rang a tuning fork with dogs in an experiment
Impact - psychologists began viewing behavior as an act of prior experience.

Answer 15

Ivan Pavlov

Question 16

Conditioning through rewarding those who show desirable behavior could lead to a better society

Behavioral psychology - introduced concept of reinforcement

A response to behavior that increases the likelihood that it will be repeated.

Answer 16

Who is BF Skinner

Question 17

Psychologist

Answer 17

Trained to analyze observe and evaluate behavior

Would work in a private office or a hospital ward

Question 18

Psychiatry

Answer 18

Branch of medicine for medical doctors who can prescribe medicine or operate on patients

Would work in a private office or clinic

Question 19

Clinical psychologists

Answer 19

Works in private offices , clinics , prisons , mental hospitals , and basically issues tests to determine if a patient needs treatment

Question 20

Counseling

Answer 20

Usually works in private offices or businesses

Helps people deal with problems of everyday life

Question 21

Developmental psychology

Answer 21

Studies the emotional social cognitive , and social changes as someone machines

Works in a hospital probably as a nurse for children

Question 22

Educational psychology

Answer 22

Helps students learn

Works in schools

Question 23

Community psychologist

Answer 23

May work in a mental health or social welfare agency

Same as a normal psychologists

Question 24

Industrial organizational psychologists

Answer 24

Uses psychological concepts to creat a better work atmosphere

Works in bigger companies such as google

Question 25

Environmental psychology

Answer 25

Works in government offices r settings similar
Studies the effects of the environment on people
Such as hurricanes

Question 26

Forensic psychologist

Answer 26

Works in police stations , detective offices , forensic offices

Develops personality assessments of criminals and uses psychological concepts to help solve crimes

Question 27

Health psychologist

Answer 27

Studies interaction between psychological and physiological health factors

May work in research offices or hospitals

Question 28

Experimental psychologist

Answer 28

Studies , cognitive , emotional , motive , learning and other factors in carefully controlled lab settings .

Would work in a lab

Question 29

What is psychoanalytic Psychology

Answer 29

Leaders - Sigmund Freud

Believed that unconscious biological urges conflicted with societies rules and also responsible for most human behavior.

Impact- created free association , and psychoanalyst methods

Focused severely on unconscious personality and dreams