Unit One Flashcards
Color of Lithium Flame
Red
Color of Sodium Flame
Yellow-orange
Color of Calcium Flame
Red-orange
Color of Potassium Flame
Lilac
Color of Copper Flame
Blue-green
How do you do a flame test?
Clean a platinum loop with hydrogen chloride, then dip it in the substance you want to use (e.g. lithium, sodium, etc.) and heat it using a bunsen burner (take note to put it in the hottest part of the flame). The flame will then change color depending on the substance.
Ammonia test
Put red litmus paper in a test tube full of gas. If it turns blue, then there’s ammonia in the gas.
Fe2+ (aq) + 2OH- (aq) —>
Fe(OH)2 (s)
Hydrogen test
Put a lit splint in a tube full of gas. If it makes a squeaky pop sound, the tube had hydrogen in it.
Oxygen test
Put a glowing splint in a tube full of gas. If it relights, the tube contained oxygen
Carbon test
Pour limewater into a tube full of gas and then shake it. If it turns cloudy, that means there was carbon in the tube.
Chloride ions + nitric acid =
White precipitate
Bromide ions + nitric acid =
Cream precipitate
Iodide ions + nitric acid =
Yellow precipitate
Halogens are
Diatomic atoms
