UNIT IV - Comparative and Descriptive Anatomy Flashcards
TYPES OF TEETH ACCORDING TO SHAPE
Homodont
Heterodont
TYPES OF TEETH ACCORDING TO SET
Monophyodont
Diphyodont
Polyphyodont
TYPES OF TEETH ACCORDING TO SUPPORT
Thecodont
Acrodont
Pleurodont
______ - teeth are similar in size and shape
HOMODONT
______ - teeth differ in appearance and shape along
HETERODONT
______ - one set of teeth
MONOPHYODONT
______ - two sets of teeth
DIPHYODONT
______ - multiple generations of tooth replacement
POLYPHYODONT
______ - sets in socket with the periodontal ligament
THECODONT
______ - attached to the top of the bone or shallow sockets
ACRODONT
______ - sits in shelf on inner side of the jaw bone
PLEURODONT
______ - refers to the surfaces oriented toward the face
FACIAL SURFACES
2 FACIAL SURFACES
Labial surface
Buccal surface
______ - surfaces toward the lip
Labial surface
______ - surfaces toward the cheeks
Buccal surface
______ - surfaces toward the tongue
LINGUAL SURFACES
______ - toward adjoining teeth in the same dental arch mesial surface
PROXIMAL SURFACES
2 PROXIMAL SURFACES
Mesial surface
Distal surface
______ - faced toward the median line
Mesial surface
______ - faced distant from the median line
Distal surface
______ - surfaces of the premolars and molars that come in contact with the opposite jaw during the act of closure
OCCLUSAL SURFACES
______ - surfaces of the inciosrs and canines that come in contact with the opposite jaw during the act of closure
INCISAL SURFACES
______ - formed by the junction of 2 surfaces
LINE ANGLE
______ - formed by junction of 3 surfaces
POINT ANGLE
Anterior teeth - ______ line angles
6
Posterior teeth - ______ line angles
8
Anterior teeth - ______ point angles
4
Posterior teeth - ______ point angles
4
3 APPROACHES (DIVISION OF THIRDS)
INCISOCERVICALLY/OCCLUSOCERVICALLY
LABIOLINGUALLY/BUCCOLINGUALLY
MESIODISTALLY
______
- carved out section
- depression
CONCAVITY
______
- bulging area
- elevation
CONVEXITY
______ - represents a primary center of formation
LOBE
______ - an elevation or mound on the crown portion of a tooth making up a divisional part of the occlusal surface
CUSP
______ - three rounded protuberances found on the incisal ridges of newly erupted incisor teeth
MAMELONS
______
- a smaller elevation on some portion of the crown produced by an extra formation of enamel
- considered to be a deviation from the typical form
TUBERCLE
______ - “mini cusps”
TUBERCLE
______ - Latin word for “girdle”
CINGULUM
______ - lingual lobe for anterior tooth
CINGULUM
______
- any linear elevation on the surface of the tooth
- named according to location
RIDGE
EXAMPLES OF RIDGES (6)
MARGINAL RIDGE
INCISAL RIDGE
TRIANGULAR RIDGE
TRANSVERSE RIDGE
OBLIQUE RIDGE
CUSP RIDGE
______ - rounded borders of the enamel that form the mesial and distal margins of the teeth.
MARGINAL RIDGE
______ - rounded ridge of the incisal portion of an anterior tooth
INCISAL RIDGE
______ - descend from the tip of the cusps of molars and premolars toward the central part of the occlusal surfaces
TRIANGULAR RIDGE
______ - combination of two triangular ridges transversely crossing the occlusal surface
TRANSVERSE RIDGE
______ - ridge crossing obliquely the occlusal surfaces of maxillary molars and formed by the union of the triangular ridge of the distobuccal cusp and distal cusp ridge of the mesiolingual cusp
OBLIQUE RIDGE
______ - elevations which extend in a mesial and distal direction or buccal and lingual direction
CUSP RIDGE
______ - sloping area found between 2 cusp ridges
INCLINED PLANE
______ - an irregular depression or concavity on the crown of a tooth
FOSSA
EXAMPLES OF FOSSA (3)
LINGUAL FOSSA
CENTRAL FOSSA
TRIANGULAR FOSSA
______ - broad, shallow depression on the lingual surface of anterior teeth
LINGUAL FOSSA
______ - broad and deep concavity at the central portion of occlusal surfaces of molars
CENTRAL FOSSA
______ - present at the occlusal surfaces of premolars and molars between the branches of the central developmental groove when they terminate before the proximal marginal ridges
TRIANGULAR FOSSA
______ - elongated valley formed by the inclines of adjacent cusps or ridges that meet at an angle
SULCUS
______ - shallow linear depression
GROOVES
______ - it is a shallow groove or line between the primary parts of the crown or root.
DEVELOPMENTAL GROOVE
______ - less distinct, shallow linear depression on the surface of a tooth, but is supplemental to a developmental groove and does not mark the junction of primary parts.
SUPPLEMENTAL GROOVE
______ - a small pinpoint depression located at the junction of developmental grooves or at the terminal of those grooves.
PIT
CROWN SURFACE FORMS
There are 3 geometric figures of tooth crown surface:
triangular
trapezoidal
rhomboidal
______ - figure with three straight sides and three angles.
TRIANGLE
TRIANGLE
______ Surfaces
______ teeth
crowns exhibit triangular shape
base = ______ area
apex = ______ area
Mesial and Distal, Anterior, cervical, incisal
______ - quadrilateral with one pair of opposite sides parallel
TRAPEZOID
TRAPEZOID
______ Surfaces
outlines of the ______ aspects of all teeth is trapezoidal
______ side forms the base of the trapezoid
______ represents the shortest parallel side
Facial and Lingual, facial and lingual, incisal/occlusal, cervical
TRAPEZOID
______ surfaces
______ teeth crowns are roughly trapezoidal
longest uneven sides base of the crown at the ______
uneven sides of the premolar are ______ than the molars
Mesial and Distal, Maxillary posterior, cervical, shorter
TRAPEZOID
This arrangement brings out the following fundamentals of forms:
1.) Interproximal spaces may accommodate ______.
interproximal tissues
TRAPEZOID
This arrangement brings out the following fundamentals of forms:
2.) Spacing between the roots of one tooth and those of another allows sufficient ______ for investment for the teeth and sufficient ______ to be consistent with the length, form, nutrition and function of the adjacent teeth
bone tissue, supporting structures
TRAPEZOID
This arrangement brings out the following fundamentals of forms:
3.) Each tooth crown in the dental arches must be in contact at some points with an adjacent tooth to help protect the ______ from trauma during ______, the contact of one tooth with another in the arch tends to ensure mutual support
interproximal gingival tissue, mastication
TRAPEZOID
This arrangement brings out the following fundamentals of forms:
4.) Each tooth in the dental arch has ______ antagonists in the opposing arch except the ______ and ______. In the event of loss of any tooth , this arrangement tends to prevent ______ of antagonists and help stabilize the remaining teeth
two, mandibular central incisors, maxillary 3rd molars, elongation
______ - no right angles and with adjacent sides of unequal length.
RHOMBOID
RHOMBOID
______ surfaces
______ teeth
crowns are somewhat rhomboid in outline, crowns incline toward the ______
Mesial and Distal, Mandibular posterior, lingual
PHYSIOLOGIC FORMS (5)
1.Proximal contact area
2.Interproximal spaces
3.Embrasures
4.Contours
5.Curvature of Cervical line
______ - area on the surface of the teeth where the proximal surface touch one another
PROXIMAL CONTACT AREA
______ - distal contact area touches the mesial contact area of the tooth posterior to it
PROXIMAL CONTACT AREA
______ is located on the mesial and distal surface of each tooth at the widest portion and the greatest curvature
proximal contact area
______ - are triangular-shaped spaces between the teeth formed by the bone on one side and the proximal surfaces and the contact area on the other side
INTERPROXIMAL SPACES
______ - the contact area forms the apex if the triangle and the alveolar bone makes up the base
INTERPROXIMAL SPACES
______ - these spaces are normally filled with gingival tissue called interdental papilla (gingival papilla)
INTERPROXIMAL SPACES
______ - shape aids in the self-cleansing process of the dentition
INTERPROXIMAL SPACES
______ - “spillways”
EMBRASURE
______ - open space between the proximal surfaces of two teeth where they diverge buccally, labially, lingually and occlusally from the contact area
- named according to location depending upon from which aspect the teeth are viewed
EMBRASURE
Proper embrasure has 2 main purposes
➢ To serve as ______ during mastication
➢ To serve as an integral part of the ______ of the tooth
spillways for the food material, self-cleansing process
EMBRASURE
Some general rules regenerate normal embrasure forms:
1.) From the facial or lingual aspect, incisal or occlusal embrasure ______ in relative size from the anterior teeth toward the posterior
increases
EMBRASURE
Some general rules regenerate normal embrasure forms:
2.) From the facial or lingual aspect, cervical or gingival embrasure ______ in relative size in anterior teeth
decreases
EMBRASURE
Some general rules regenerate normal embrasure forms:
3.) From the incisal aspect, the labial and lingual embrasures ______ in size in anterior teeth
nearly equal
EMBRASURE
Some general rules regenerate normal embrasure forms:
4.) From the occlusal aspect, the lingual embrasure is normally ______ than the buccal embrasure in posterior teeth
larger
EMBRASURE
Some general rules regenerate normal embrasure forms:
5.) When one side of the embrasure has a certain contour, the other side of the embrasure will normally have a ______
similar contour
______ (______) is the area of contour on the facial and lingual surface
These contours are for the proper protection of ______
Height of contour, crest of curvature, gingival tissue
______ - A summary of the height of periodontal attachment interproximally indicates the attachment to be highest at the median line on central incisors. In distal progression the height of attachment decreases along with the decrease in curvature of CEJs until the mesial surface of the first premolar is reached. From this point distally through third molars, curvatures are slight.
CURVATURE OF CERVICAL LINE
