Unit IV: Adolescent Disorders and Guest Lectures

Question 1

Core Features of Substance Use Disorder (SUD)

Answer 1

1) Impaired Control (criteria 1-4)
2) Social Impairment (criteria 5-7)
3) Risky Use (criteria 8-9)
4) Pharmacological (criteria 10 & 11)

*Need 2 within 12 mo. period

Question 2

Trends in the Prevalence of Substance Use Among Adolescents

Answer 2

General decline across all substance compared to prior years

Question 3

Binge Drinking in Adolescents: Prevalence

Answer 3

10% of teens 16-17 report binge drinking

Question 4

Binge Drinking in Adolescents: Brain Effects

Answer 4

Grey matter reduction in heavy drinkers

Question 5

Binge Drinking in Adolescents: Negative Outcomes

Answer 5

1) Drug and alcohol dependence in adulthood
2) Health and medical problems
3) Relationship stress

Question 6

Risk Factors - Nurture: Socialization refers to?

Answer 6

Influence of parents and peers

Question 7

Risk Factors - Nurture: Parenting

Answer 7

Low monitoring leads to greater substance use

Question 8

Risk Factors - Nurture: Deviant Peer Affiliation

Answer 8

High peer deviance leads to greater substance use

Question 9

Risk Factors - Nature: Heritability

Answer 9

Alcohol Dehydrogenase 1B Enzyme (ADH1B)

Question 10

Alcohol Metabolism

Answer 10

Alcohol Dehydrogenase converts ethanol (alcohol) into Acetaldehyde - Aldehyde Dehydrogenase converts Acetaldehyde into Acetate

Question 11

ADH1B Gene Variants

Answer 11

“A” Histidine or “G” Arginine Alleles

Question 12

“A” Histidine Variant

Answer 12

AA / AG genotype - breaks down ethanol into acetaldehyde faster resulting in a lower tolerance for alcohol use

Question 13

ALDH2 Gene: Name and Relation to His Variant

Answer 13

Aldehyde Dehydrogenase & A variant breaks down Acetaldehyde into Acetate slower than G variant

Question 14

OARS

Answer 14

O - Open ended questions: tell me, explain, describe
A - Affirmation: acknowledge the work and effort put in to change
R - Reflective Listening: allow clients to hear themselves from your perspective e.g. you feel like there is nothing you can do to pull your grade up
S - Summary: used to transition to new topic or conclude session

Question 15

Ambivalence

Answer 15

state of mixed or contradictory feelings about someone or something

Question 16

Four Steps of MI

Answer 16

Engaging, Focusing, Evoking, Planning

Question 17

Change vs. Sustain Talk

Answer 17

Change talk decreases resistance and moves client towards change whereas sustain talk increases resistance and move client towards remaining the same

Question 18

DARN CAT

Answer 18

Desire
Ability
Reason
Need

Commitment
Activation
Taking Steps

Question 19

How to Provide Advice in MI

Answer 19

Elicit - Provide - Elicit

Question 20

Problems with BMI

Answer 20

1) Not and effective tool for screening for BN or BED
2) Does not take into consideration body types
3) Doesn’t account for muscle mass, activity levels, or race/ethnicity
4) Not a strong diagnostic tool for other health problems

Question 21

Consequences of ED

Answer 21

Cardiovascular abnormalities, organ failure, and highest mortality rate of all mental disorders

Question 22

Risks

Answer 22

1) Genetic/Biological: Heritability
2) Psychological: Emotion Dysregulation and comorbidity
3) Sociocultural Factors: “Thin-ideal” and positive correlation between social medial usage and disordered eating