unit III Flashcards
Infectious disease spread from animal to people directly
Zoonosis
progressive fatal brain disease. mad cow disease
Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy (BSE)
include distemper, rabies, parvovirus, food-and-mouth disease and avian influenza
Viral disease
viral disease of many mammalian. Spread by animal bites
rabies
known as hoof-and-mouth, highly contagious of cattle, pig and sheep. Caused by RNA
Foot-and-mouth Disease
caused by one of series of viruses
Avian Influenza
particular serious form of avian influenza virus
H5N1 virus
include mastitis, the secondary infection of shipping fever in cattle
Bacterial disease
( called: Swine Flu )
Novel 2009 H1N1 Influenza
simple microscopic form of life
Bacteria
number. 1 disease of dairy cattle. Much reduce milk-production
Mastitis
Plays significant role, how the mammary gland deals with Pathogenic Bacteria.
Innate immune response
organism that lives in close proximity to an animal and depends on it
Parasites
include protozoa, roundworms or nematodes
internal parsites
single-celled eukaryotes with a nucleus and intracellular organelles
Protozoa
protozoa with flagella, cause serious disease
Trypanosomes
trypanosoma equiperdum
sexually transmitted in horses
intracellular parsites of intestinal cells
Coccidia
widespread zoonosis
Cryptosporidium
common parasites of cats
giardia intestinalis
from the phylum nematoda
roundworms
about 3 in long
intestinal roundworms (Ascarids)
bloodworms or red worms
Strongyles
found in heart and blood vessel in the lung
Heartworms (D. immitis)
reside in cecum and colon of horses : irritation in anus
Pinworms (Oxyuris equi)
live in intestine of their primary host . no digestive system
Cestodes (tapeworms)
true flies with parasitic stage in their development
Botflies
either insects or arachnids
External parasites (ectoparasites)
there are nutritional, metabolic, stress related and genetic causes
Noninfectious Disease
metabolic disease in cattle, occurring at transition between late pregnancy and early lactation
Milk Fever
metabolic disease in poultry
Ascites
series of measure attempting to prevent pathogens
Biosecurity
first line of defense against invading pathogens
Innate Immunity
provide physical and chemical barriers with keratinizes epidermis
skin
consist of GIT, respiratory tract, mammary gland and reproductive tract
Mucous membrane
integral part of epithelial defense
Antimicrobial peptides and proteins
resident macrophages and recruited neutrophils
Phagocyte
increased blood flow because of Vasodilation
inflammation
2 types of Adaptive Immunity
-humoral
-cell-mediated
very effective in eliminating extracellular antigen
humoral (antibodies)
crucial when pathogen has entered a cell
Cell-Mediated Immunity
method to stimulate the immune system
Vaccination
to prevent the disease, not to treat it
Prophylactic Drugs
used therapeutically to treat specific disease
Antibiotics
nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug
Osteoarthritis
drug, available to treat heart failure
heart disease
drug, available to treat Addison’s disease
Endocrine disease
