Unit II: The Cranial Nerves, Basic Brain Anatomy, & CSF Circulation Flashcards
CNI Name and Function
The Olfactory Nerve, responsible for sense of smell (S)
CNII Name and Function
The Optic Nerve, responsible for vision and light detection capability (S)
CNIII Name and Function
The Oculomotor Nerve, responsible for eye movement downward, upward, and inward. Also raising eyelids, and pupil constriction/dilation. (M)
CNIV Name and Function
The Trochlear Nerve, responsible for eye movement downward and inward. (M)
CNV Name and Function
The Trigeminal Nerve, responsible for both facial sensation (opthalmic and maxillary) and motor activation in jaw (mandibular nerve, which also provides cutaneous sensation in the cheek)
CNVI Name and Function
The Abducens Nerve, responsible for outward eye movement (lateral rectus)
CNVII Name and Function
The Facial Nerve, responsible for facial expression, taste in front 2/3 of tongue, saliva and tears, and the stapedius muscle in the ear
CNVIII Name and Function
The Vestibulocochlear nerve, responsible for transmitting audio information to the brain, as well as balance (also using information from the ears)
CNIX Name and Function
The Glossopharyngeal nerve, responsible for swallowing, the gag reflex, and speech.
CNX Name and Function
The Vagus nerve, responsible for regulation of heartbeat, with significant smooth muscle control in organs, some skeletal muscle control, as well as gag reflex and speech
CNXI Name and Function
The Accessory nerve, responsible for turning the neck and shrugging the shoulders
CNXII Name and Function
The Hypoglossal nerve, responsible for tongue movement.
Name all the cranial nerves - in order
Olfactory - Optic - Oculomotor - Trochlear - Trigeminal - Abducens - Facial - Vestibulocochlear - Glossopharyngeal - Vagus - Accessory - Hypoglossal
What’s the mnemonic for the cranial nerves?
Oh Once One Takes The Anatomy Final Very Good Vacations Are Heavenly
Olfactory Origin and Exit
Olfactory Bulbs; Cribiform Plate
Optic Origin (in the brain too) and Exit
Optic Chiasma; Optic Canal. Optic tracts also lead back to ipsilateral (same side) lateral geniculate nucleus, pretectal nucleus, and superior colliculus on the occipital lobe of the cortex
CNIII Origin and Exit
Midbrain; SOF (Superior Orbital Fissure)
CNIV Origin and Exit
Midbrain; SOF
CNV Origin and Exit
Pons; SOF (Opthalmic V1) Foramen Rotundum (Maxillary V2) Foramen Ovale (Mandibular V3)
CNVI Origin and Exit
Pons/medulla; SOF
CNVII Origin and Exit
Pons/medulla; Internal Acoustic Opening/Meatus, sylomastoid foramen
CNVIII Origin and Exit
Pons/medulla; Internal Acoustic Meatus
CNIX Origin and Exit
Medulla Oblongata; Jugular Foramen
CNX Origin and Exit
Medulla Oblongata; Jugular Foramen
CNXI Origin and Exit
Medulla Oblongata; Jugular Foramen
CNXII Origin and Exit
Medulla Oblongata; Hypoglossal Canal
Name the cranial nerve exits in order (anterior to posterior)
Cribiform plate - Optic Canal - Superior Orbital Fissure (SOF) - Foramen Rotundum - Foramen Ovale - Internal Acoustic Meatus - Jugular Foramen - Hypoglossal Canal (and the Foramen Magnum)
The Hardest Bone in the Body
Petrous Bone (Pyramid shaped ridge in temporal bone)
Canal for middle meningeal artery
Foramen Spinosum
The Sensory/Motor Mnemonic
Some Say Marry Money, But My Brother Says Big Boobs Matter Most
Where does the Pituitary Gland rest on the sphenoid bone?
The Sella Turcica
What grooves surround the pituitary gland?
The posterior and anterior clinoid
Where does CSF originate?
The lateral ventricle of the choroidal plexus
Describe the flow of CSF
Choroidal plexus > foramina of Monroe > Third Ventricle > The Aqueduct of Sylvius > Fourth Ventricle > Foramina of Luschka > Cisternal Magna > Superior Sagittal Sinus > Arachnoid villi resorb into superior sagittal vein
