Unit II Flashcards
(30 cards)
What is a frequency distribution?
A tabular form of data collection that gives the values it takes, and now often it takes them (frequency).
True or false: frequency distributions can be used for both qualitative/ categorical data and quantitative data.
True
What is labeled on the horizontal axis and vertical axis of a bar graph / chart?
Horizontal axis: labelled with the value of the variable.
Vertical axis: labelled with the frequency of the variable ( numbers/percentage).
What do the height of the bars of a bar chart represent?
Frequency
Do the bars touch on a bar chart?
NO
What makes a bar chart categorical?
The data does NOT need to appear in any given order.
True or false: A pie chart is suitable when respondents give more than just one answer.
False
What do the slices of a pie chart represent?
The slices correspond to the frequency of each possible response; it usually represents the proportion or percentage.
What are 3 types of graphical representation of QUANTITATIVE variables?
- Stemplots/stem and leaf plots
- Histograms
- Cumulative frequency ogives
What do stemplots show?
- The shape of the data.
- The actual values in the dataset.
What are the two main steps in plotting a stem and leaf plot?
Step 1: sort the data inn either ascending or descending order.
Step 2: separate each number into Stem and leaf.
What would be the stem and leaf of 7?
Stem (tens): 0
Leaf (units): 7
What would be the stem and leaf of 10?
Stem (tens): 1
Leaf (units): 0
What would be the stem and leaf plot of 321?
Stem (tens): 32
Leaf (units): 1
What do the horizontal and vertical axes of a histogram represent?
Horizontal axis: shows a continuous range of values for the variables.
Vertical axis: shows the frequency corresponding to the different bins.
Do the vertical bins of a histogram touch?
YES
Why don’t the bars of a bar chart touch, and why do the bins of a histogram touch?
Bar graphs show a singular value per bar, therefore resulting in a break between each value (space between the bars). The histogram however, shows a continuation in each value, so where one value ends, another can start, which is why the bins are attached.
What makes a histogram ordinal?
The values shown are a continuation of each other, therefore the order in which they’re organized matters.
True or false: the variables graphed in a histogram are quantitative while the variables graphed in a bar chart are categorical/qualitative.
True
What is the difference between the stemplot and histogram?
Both graph quantitative variables but the stemplot is used for smaller datasets, while the histogram is used for larger datasets; less than 30 values - stemplot, over 30 values - histogram
What is a cumulative frequency ogive?
A type of line graph that is constructed from frequency distributions.
What are the 2 types of cumulative frequency ogive?
- Less than cumulative frequency ogive
- More than cumulative frequency ogive
What is a less than cumulative frequency ogive?
From there, you can determine how many responses or what percentage of responses are LESS than a specific value; usually begins with zero and ends with the total sample size.
What is a more than cumulative frequency ogive?
From these, you can determine how many responses or what percentage of responses are MORE then a specific value; usually begins with the total sample size, and ends with zero.