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Gross Anatomy II > Unit I > Flashcards

Unit I Flashcards

1
Q

motor innervation to the muscles of facial expression is via branches of?

A

facial nerve C.N. VII

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2
Q

Sensory innervation to the face is via branches of?

A

Trigeminal nerve (C.N. V)

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3
Q

What are the major branches of trigeminal nerves and where do they distribute?

A

Ophthalmic Nerve- face and scalp
Maxillary nerve- cheek and the area lateral to the orbit
Mandibular Nerve- chin and temporal region

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4
Q

Ophthalmic nerve subdivides into what branches?

A 
supraorbital
supratrochlear
external nasal
infratrochlear
lacrimal
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5
Q

Maxillary nerve subdivides into what branches?

A

zygomaticotemporal
zygomaticofacial
infraorbital

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6
Q

Mandibular Nerve subdivides into what branches?

A

auriculotemporal
buccal
mental

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7
Q

What is trigeminal neuralgia (tic doloureaux)?

A
  • a condition characterized by sudden attacks of severe pain occurring in an area of sensory distribution of the trigeminal nerve
  • often due to touch
  • cause is unknown
  • spinal trigeminal nucleus extends down to C4 and is involved with pain reception from the face
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8
Q

Trigeminal Neuralgia (Tic Doloureaux) is most commonly found in? Second most? and Least common area?

A

most- maxillary division
2nd common- mandibular division
least- ophthalmic division

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9
Q

Sensory innervation of the posterior aspect of the neck and scalp is from?

A

posterior (dorsal) primary rami of C.N. 2 to 4

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10
Q

Sensory innervation that supplies the occipital region is?

A

Greater Occipital Nerve (posterior Primary Ramus of C2)

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11
Q

Sensory nerve that supplies the upper part of the back of the neck is called?

A

Third Occiptal Nerve (posterior Primary Ramus of C3)

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12
Q

Sensory nerve that supplies the lower part of the back of the neck is called?

A

Posterior primary Ramus of C4

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13
Q

sensory innervation of the anterior and lateral aspect of the neck is from?

A

Anterior (ventral) primary rami of cervical nerves 2 to 4

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14
Q

What is formed by the anterior primary rami of C1, C2, C3, and C4?

A

cervical plexus

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15
Q

What cranial nerve supplies sensory innervation to the skin of the upper limb?

A

C5, C6, C7, and C8

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16
Q

What supplies the lateral part of the occipital region, posterior to the ear?

A

Lesser Occipital Nerve (C2)

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17
Q

What nerve supplies the angle of the mandible, and the area inferior to the ear and what does it accompany with?

A

Great Auricular Nerve (C2, C3)

-accompanies with external jugular vein

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18
Q

What supplies the anterior surface of teh neck (throat)

A

transverse cervical nerve (C2, C3)

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19
Q

What supples the later surface of the neck and what is its subdivision?

A

Supraclavicular Nerve (C3, C4)

-medial, intermediate, and lateral supraclavicular nerve

20
Q

Cervical Plexus carries motor fibers to what muscles? What do these motor fibers arise from?

A
  • infrahyoid (strap) muscles

- ansa cervicalis

21
Q

What are the parts of the Ansa Cervicalis

A

superior root and inferior root

22
Q

Ansa Cervicalis supplies what?

A

three of the four infrahyoid muslces: sternohyoid, sternothyroid, and omohyoid

23
Q

The fourth infrahyoid muscl, thyrohyoid, is innervated by what?

A

C1 fibers through the hypoglossal nerve

24
Q

Where does the phrenic nerve originate from?

A

C3, C4, and C5

25
Q

Where does the phrenic nerve innervate? (motor and sensory)

A 
motor= diaphragm
sensory= some of the membranes of the thorax and abdomen
26
Q

Where could the phrenic nerve be found?

A

in the neck lying on the anterior surface of the anterior scalene muscle. It runs vertically down the muscle and into the thorax

27
Q

Platysma’s orgin

A

superficial fascia over the pectoralis major and deltoid muscles

28
Q

Platysma’s Insertion

A

lower border of the mandible and the angle of the mouth

29
Q

Platysma’s Nerve

A

Cerivical branch of facial nerve (CN VII)

30
Q

Playtsma’s function

A

depresses the mandible and draws down the corner of the mouth

31
Q

Sternocleidomastoid Origin

A

sternal head from the front of the manubrium, clavicular head from the medial third of the clavicle

32
Q

Sternocleidomastoid Insertion

A

lateral surface of mastoid process, lateral half of the superior nuchal line

33
Q

Sternocleidomastoid nerve

A

accessory nerve (CN XI)

34
Q

Sternocleidomastoid function

A

cheif flexor of the head

35
Q

What is Torticollis (wryneck)

A
  • pathological contraction of SCM

- The head is tilted toward, and the face turned away from the affect side

36
Q

What are the types of torticollis and describe them.

A
  • congenital torticollis: results from a fibrous tissue tumor which develops at or shortly before birth
  • muscular torticollis= due to birth injury
  • spasmodic torticollis= occurs in adults and is due to abnormal tonicity.
37
Q

Trapezius origin

A

external occipital protuberance, ligamentumnuchae, and the spinous processes of the 7th cervical and all thoracic vertebrae

38
Q

Trapezius insertion

A

the lateral third of the clavicle, spine of the scapula, and the acromion process

39
Q

trapezius nerve

A

accessory nerve (CN XI) and C3 and C4 from the cervical plexus

40
Q

trapezius function

A

the upper portion elevates, the middle portion retracts, and the lower portion depresses the scapula

41
Q

What does the external jugular vein drain?

A

face and scalp (contains large amount of cerebral blood)

42
Q

Where does the external jugular vein empty in to?

A

subclavian vein

43
Q

What are the tiributaries of the external jugular vein?

A 
retromandibular vein
posterior auricular 
posterior external jugular
anterior jugular
transverse cervical
suprascapular
44
Q

What is the clinical note of the prominent external jugular vein

A

when venous plexus is normal, the external jugular vein is invisible, or nearly

  • in congestive heart failure, or obstruction of the superior vena cava, it becomes very prominent throughout its length
  • opera singers and bagpipe players develop prominent external jugular veins due to increase intrathoracic pressure during singing or practice
45
Q

What are the boundaries of the posterior triangle?

A

anterior: the posterior border of SCM
posterior: the anterior border o f the trapezius
inferior: the superior border of the middle third of the clavicle

46
Q

What is the boundaries of the anterior triangle?

A

Superior: the inferior border of the mandible
Anterior: the anterior midline
posterior: the anterior border of the SCM

Gross Anatomy II (1 decks)

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