Unit I Flashcards
Microorganisms have a tremendous
impact on all life and the physical and chemical makeup of our planet. In what particular process?
(2)
- cycling the chemical element essential for
life - photosynthesis
BASIC PRINCIPLES ILLUSTRATED BY
MICROBIOLOGY (3)
Prediction
Symbiosis
Evolution
the PRACTICAL OUTGROWTH of
science, is a product created by a blend of TECHNIQUE AND THEORY.
Prediction
a CONTINUING ASSOCIATION of
different organisms.
Symbiosis
the BIOLOGIC CONSEQUENCE OF
NATURAL SELECTION operating on a vast array of
genetically diverse organisms.
Evolution
LACK many of the attributes of cells,
including the ABILITY TO REPLICATE ___________.
Viruses; virophages
small, single-stranded, covalently closed circular RNA molecules existing as HIGHLY BASE PAIRED ROD-LIKE STRUCTURES.
Viroids
Viral particles are generally small and
consist of a nucleic acid molecule, either
DNA or RNA, enclosed in a protein coat or ________.
Capsid
Parts of virus (?) (5)
Capsid
Envelop
Envelop protein
Enzyme
RNA
- PROTECTS THE NUCLEOID REGION and helps PENETRATE THE HOST CELL.
- protein shell of a virus particle that surrounds its nucleic acid.
Capsid
a degenerative central nervous
system disease of sheep
Scrapie (caused by prions)
was introduced to emphasize its
proteinaceous and infectious nature.
Prion
Diseases caused by prions in humans (4)
- Kuru
- Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD),
- Gerstmann- Straussler-Scheinker disease
- Fatal familial insomnia
How do prion diseases manifest in humans that make them unique? (3)
Sporadic,
Genetic, and
Infectious diseases
are relatively SMALL IN SIZE,
usually on the order of 1 µm IN DIAMETER, and
the ABSENCE OF A NUCLEAR MEMBRANE.
Prokaryotes
what is the length and form of bacterial DNA?
1 mm; circle/circular
The specialized region of the cell (prokaryotic) containing
DNA is termed the .
nucleoid
organisms within a physically
interconnected community are DIRECTLY DERIVED FROM A SINGLE CELL.
Clone
a CELL-CELL COMMUNICATION
MECHANISM, to REGULATE THE TRANSCRIPTION OF
GENES involved in diverse physiologic
processes
Quorum sensing
physiologic processes regulated by quorum sensing (3)
- bioluminescence
- plasmid conjugal transfer
- production of virulence determinants
signalling molecule of bacteria
acylated homoserine lactone (AHL)
T or F
High concentration of AHL induce expression of specific genes
T
prokaryotes that
ESTABLISHED SYMBIOSIS within the cell
membrane of the ancestral eukaryotic host.
Endosymbionts
T or F
An appropriate classification system allows
a scientist to choose characteristics that
allow swift and accurate categorization of
a newly encountered organism.
T
specialized cell structures that may
allow survival in extreme environments are
useful structural criteria for classification
spores
well-characterized subsets of
bacteria form
spores
