UNIT I

Question 1

is a profession focused on advocacy in the care of individuals, families, and communities in attaining, maintaining, and recovering optimal health and functioning

Answer 1

Nursing

Question 2

defines it as a science and an art that focuses on promoting quality of life as defined by populations, communities, families, and individuals throughout their life experiences from birth through the end of life.

Answer 2

Modern nursing

Question 3

explains a set of related observations or events based upon proven hypotheses and verified multiple times by detached researchers.

Answer 3

Theory

Question 4

A set of statements that tentatively describe, explain or predict relationships among concepts that have been systematically selected and organized as an abstract representation of some phenomenon.

Answer 4

Theory

Question 5

means “a vision” or “a beholding scene.”

Answer 5

Theory

Question 6

In scientific terms, _____ implies that something has been proven and generally accepted as true.

Answer 6

Theory

Question 7

explains a set of related observations or events based upon proven hypotheses and verified multiple times by detached researchers.

Answer 7

Theory

Question 8

These systematically organized perspectives guide nursing action in administration, education, research, and practice.

Answer 8

Theory

Question 9

A well-substantiated explanation of some aspect of the natural world; an organized system of accepted knowledge applied in various situations/hypotheses.

Answer 9

Theory

Question 10

An expectation of what should happen, barring unforeseen circumstances.

Answer 10

Theory

Question 11

A coherent statement or set of statements that attempts to explain observed phenomena.

Answer 11

Theory

Question 12

An explanation for some phenomena that is based on observation, experimentation, and reasoning.

Answer 12

Theory

Question 13

A comprehensive explanation of a given set of data has been repeatedly confirmed by observation and experimentation and has gained general acceptance within the scientific community but has not been decisively proven.

Answer 13

Theory

Question 14

A construct (the way to put together the “parts” of something) that accounts for or organizes some phenomena (Barnum,1998).

Answer 14

Theory

Question 15

A body of knowledge that describes or explains nursing and is used to support nursing practice.

Answer 15

Nursing theory

Question 16

An organized and systematic articulation of a set of statements related to questions in the discipline of nursing.

Answer 16

Nursing theory

Question 17

Is a set of concepts, definitions, relationships and assumptions or proposition derived from nursing models or other disciplines and project a purposive, systematic view of phenomena by designing specific inter-relationships among concepts to describe, explain, predicting and prescribing

Answer 17

Theory

Question 18

A mental idea of a phenomenon

Answer 18

Concept

Question 19

A comprehensive idea or generalization

Answer 19

Concept

Question 20

An idea that brings diverse elements into a basic relationship.

Answer 20

Concept

Question 21

A unit of knowledge

Answer 21

Concept

Question 22

A unit of thought

Answer 22

Concept

Question 23

A general idea formed in mind.

Answer 23

Concept

Question 24

Something understood or retained in mind, from experience, reasoning, or imagination; a generalization or abstraction of a particular set of instances or occurrences.

Answer 24

Concept

Question 25

A set of interrelated concepts that symbolically represents and conveys a mental image of a phenomenon.

Answer 25

Conceptual framework/model

Question 26

identify concepts and describe their relationship to the phenomena central concern to the discipline: Person, environment, health, and nursing(Power and Knapp,1995).

Answer 26

Conceptual nursing models

Question 27

A set of concepts and propositions integrate them into a meaningful configuration (Marriner-Tomey and Alligod,1998).

Answer 27

Conceptual framework/model

Question 28

Composed of concepts or constructs that described ideas, individuals, groups, situations, and particular interest or discipline (e.g., Nursing).

Answer 28

Conceptual framework/model

Question 29

A basic generalization that is accepted as true can be used as a basis for reasoning or conduct.

Answer 29

Principle

Question 30

interrelating concepts in such a way as to create a different way of looking at particular phenomena.

Answer 30

Theory

Question 31

* Logical in nature * generalizable * the basis for hypotheses that can be tested

Answer 31

Theory

Question 32

increasing the general body of knowledge within the discipline through the research implemented to validate them.

Answer 32

Theory

Question 33

Used by the practitioners to guide and improve their practice

Answer 33

Theory

Question 34

consistent with other validated theories and principles but will leave unanswered questions that need to be investigated.

Answer 34

Theory

Question 35

is composed of interrelated concepts.

Answer 35

Theory

Question 36

help to describe or label phenomena.

Answer 36

Concepts

Question 37

The three major concepts that form the basis of Levin's Conservation Model in Nursing Practice and its assumptions are

Answer 37

(1)conservations, (2)adaptation, and (3)wholeness

Question 38

The Component of the Theory are

Answer 38

1. Concepts 2. Definitions 3. Assumptions 4. Phenomenon

Question 39

the concepts that are critical to goal attainment in nursing practice are

Answer 39

(1)personal systems,(2) interpersonal- systems, and (3)social systems.

Question 40

convey the general meaning of the concepts of the theory.

Answer 40

Definitions

Question 41

also describe the activity necessary to measure the constructs, relationships, or variables within a theory (Chinn and Kramer 2004).

Answer 41

Definitions

Question 42

ongoing process of change whereby individuals retain their integrity within the realities of their environment.

Answer 42

adaptation

Question 43

individuals; individuals are open, unique systems in constant interaction with the environment.

Answer 43

personal systems

Question 44

are defined as two or more individuals in interaction.

Answer 44

interpersonal systems

Question 45

are defined as large groups with common interests or goals.

Answer 45

social systems

Question 46

Statements that describe concepts or connect two factual concepts.

Answer 46

Asssumptions

Question 47

are the “taken for granted” statements that determine the nature of the theory's concepts, definitions, purpose, relationships, and structure.

Answer 47

Assumptions

Question 48

is an aspect of reality that can be continuously sensed or experienced.

Answer 48

Phenomenon

Question 49

focus on the phenomena of nursing and nursing care.

Answer 49

Nursing theories

Question 50

5 types of theories

Answer 50

1.Metatheories 2.Grand Theories 3.Middle-Range Theories 4.Descriptive Theories 5.Prescriptive Theories

Question 51

are theories whose subject matters are some other theories. These are theories about theories.

Answer 51

Metatheories

Question 52

They are broad in scope and complex and require further research before being fully tested(Chinn and Kramer,1999). These are intended to provide a framework for broad, abstract ideas about nursing (Fawcett, 1995).

Answer 52

Grand theories

Question 53

Have the more limited scope, less abstraction, address specific phenomena or concepts and reflect practice (administration, clinical, or teaching). The phenomena of concepts tend to cross different nursing fields and reflect a wide variety of nursing care situations: quality of life, uncertainty in illness, social support, incontinence, and caring.

Answer 53

Middle-range theories

Question 54

Are the first level of theory development.

Answer 54

Descriptive theory

Question 55

They describe phenomena, speculate on why phenomena occur, and describe the consequences of phenomena. They can explain, relate, and in some situations, predict nursing phenomena (Meleis,1997).

Answer 55

Descriptive theories

Question 56

Type of theory that address nursing interventions and predict the consequence of the specific nursing intervention.

Answer 56

Prescriptive theories

Question 57

are action-oriented, which test the validity and predictability of nursing intervention.

Answer 57

Prescriptive theories

Question 58

explains the linkages of science, philosophy, and theory accepted and applied by the discipline.

Answer 58

Nursing pardigm

Question 59

Nursing identified its domain in a paradigm that includes four linkages:

Answer 59

the person, health, environment,/situation, and nursing.

Question 60

Refers to all human beings.

Answer 60

Person

Question 61

the recipients of nursing care; they include individuals, families, communities, and groups.

Answer 61

Person

Question 62

Includes factors that affect individuals internally and externally. Its means not only everyday surroundings but also settings where nursing care is provided.

Answer 62

Environment

Question 63

Addressed the Person’s state of well-being.

Answer 63

Health

Question 64

Central to all nursing theories.

Answer 64

Nursing

Question 65

“diagnosis and treatment of human responses to actual or potential health problems”

Answer 65

Nursing