Unit D: 1-3

Question 1

Rocks forming in flat, horizontal layers

Answer 1

Original horizontality

Question 2

Wegner’s philosophy that the continents were once together then drifted apart

Answer 2

Continential drift

Question 3

Trenches in the sea floor were said to be caused by this; new crustal material is always being formed

Answer 3

Sea-floor spreading

Question 4

Hot, melted rock

Answer 4

Magma

Question 5

That describes Earth’s crust as broken into plates

Answer 5

Plate tectonics

Question 6

The layer below the crust

Answer 6

Mantle

Question 7

When two plates collide, denser plate slides under the other plate

Answer 7

Subduction

Question 8

Huge cracks in the Earth’s crust

Answer 8

Fault

Question 9

The point where the earthquake starts

Answer 9

Focus

Question 10

Vibrations that spread out from the focus

Answer 10

Seismic waves

Question 11

The point directly above the focus

Answer 11

Epicenter

Question 12

Shocks after the initial shaking

Answer 12

Aftershock

Question 13

An instrument used to study the patterns in waves

Answer 13

Seismograph

Question 14

The amount of energy released by an earthquake

Answer 14

Magnitude

Question 15

The central opening through which the lava erupts

Answer 15

Vent

Question 16

Magma that comes out of the vent

Answer 16

Lava

Question 17

A cup-like hollow around the top of the volcano

Answer 17

Crater

Question 18

A very hot part of the mantle

Answer 18

Hot spot

Question 19

A steep sided cone shaped volcano

Answer 19

Cinder-come volcano

Question 20

A wide, flat shaped mound volcano

Answer 20

Shield volcano

Question 21

Has beautifully symmetrical shape

Answer 21

Composite volcano

Question 22

Heat from below the earth’s surface

Answer 22

Geothermal energy

Question 23

The earth’s solid surface; located above the mantle

Answer 23

Crust