UNIT C PHOTOSYNTHESIS

Question 1

What is a REDOX reaction?

Answer 1

A reaction involving oxidation and reduction processes.

Question 2

Define oxidation in a REDOX reaction.

Answer 2

An atom/molecule gets an electron removed, losing energy.

Question 3

Define reduction in a REDOX reaction.

Answer 3

An atom/molecule gains electrons, gaining energy.

Question 4

What is a reducing agent?

Answer 4

A substance that initiates the reduction of another compound.

Question 5

What is an oxidizing agent?

Answer 5

A substance that initiates the oxidation of another compound.

Question 6

How can you determine if something is oxidized or reduced?

Answer 6

By how many atoms are added onto the compound.

Question 7

What are energy carriers?

Answer 7

Molecules that can carry electrons (energy) momentarily.

Question 8

What is the equation for NADPH formation in photosynthesis?

Answer 8

NADP+ + Electron + H+ -> NADPH.

Question 9

What is the equation for NADH formation in cellular respiration?

Answer 9

NAD+ + electrons + H+ -> NADH.

Question 10

What is the equation for FADH2 formation?

Answer 10

FAD + 2 Electrons + 2H+ -> FADH2.

Question 11

What is ATP?

Answer 11

Adenosine Triphosphate, the major energy carrier used for cellular activities.

Question 12

List three cellular activities that ATP is used for.

Answer 12

• Cell division
• Cell signalling
• Muscle contraction

Question 13

What is photosynthesis?

Answer 13

The process of capturing solar energy and converting it into chemical energy (sugar).

Question 14

Write the overall equation for photosynthesis.

Answer 14

6CO2 + 6H2O + Solar Energy -> C6H12O6 + 6O2.

Question 15

What is the process of cellular respiration?

Answer 15

The breakdown of glucose into ATP in the mitochondria.

Question 16

Write the overall equation for cellular respiration.

Answer 16

C6H12O6 + 6O2 -> Chemical Energy (ATP) + 6H2O + 6CO2.

Question 17

What are the two specific reactions in photosynthesis?

Answer 17

• Light-dependent reactions
• Dark (light-independent) reactions

Question 18

What is the stroma?

Answer 18

The fluid within the chloroplast responsible for dark reactions.

Question 19

What is a thylakoid?

Answer 19

A membrane disk containing chlorophyll and pigments.

Question 20

What is a granum?

Answer 20

A stack of thylakoids.

Question 21

What are the products of light reactions?

Answer 21

• Oxygen
• ATP
• NADPH

Question 22

What is photolysis?

Answer 22

The splitting of water into 2H+ + ½ O2 + 2 Electrons.

Question 23

What is chemiosmosis?

Answer 23

The process where H+ moves out of ATP synthase to produce ATP.

Question 24

What is the final electron acceptor in photosystem I?

Answer 24

NADP+.

Question 25

What is the Calvin Cycle?

Answer 25

A process involving carbon fixation, reduction, and regeneration of RuBP.

Question 26

What are the main pigments found in leaves?

Answer 26

* Chlorophyll A * Chlorophyll B * Xanthophyll * Carotenoids

Question 27

What does chromatography do?

Answer 27

Separates different molecules based on their properties.

Question 28

What affects the rate of photosynthesis?

Answer 28

* Temperature * Light * Carbon dioxide * Water

Question 29

Fill in the blank: The RF value is calculated by measuring how far a pigment has travelled and dividing it by how far the _______ travelled.

Answer 29

solvent

Question 30

True or False: Light reactions are necessary for dark reactions.

Answer 30

True