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History > Unit C Part 2 > Flashcards

Unit C Part 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What is a Revolution?

A

The overthrow of a government in favor of a new system

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2
Q

What two things did we focus on to understand more about the universe?

A

Observation and Reason

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3
Q

What ideas were from the Renaissance?

A

Old ideas were rediscovered, while creating new beliefs that challenged old theroys, promotion of math

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4
Q

What is the scientific method?

A

Observation, Question, Hypothesis, expierment, analysis, conclusion

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5
Q

Who made the scientific method?

A

Francis Bacon and Isaac Newton

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6
Q

What is Geocentric

A

Earth-centered system

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7
Q

What is a Ptolemaic Universe and why did the Catholics support it?

A

The earth was the center and because the humans were the center and they knew where the heaven was

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8
Q

Who was Nicolaus Copernicus?

A

Polish atronomer

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9
Q

What was Copernicus theroy?

A

It was a heliocentric universe and there were multiple planets revolving the sun

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10
Q

What is heliocentric?

A

Sun-Centered system

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11
Q

What did Johannes Kepler prove?

A

heliocentric and planets move in an elliptical movement not a circcular

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12
Q

Who was the prime mover in heliocentric?

A

Gravity

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13
Q

When did Copernicus release his theories and why?

A

At the end of his life bescause he didn’t want to get in trouble with the church

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14
Q

When was Galileos document made?

A

1615

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15
Q

Was Galileo with or without the churches views?

A

Against

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16
Q

How does Galileo try and defend himself?

A

Writing a letter

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17
Q

How did the church react to Galileos letter?

A

Gave him heresey

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18
Q

Was Galileo Heliocentric or Geocentric believer?

A

Heliocentric

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19
Q

Issac Newton built open whos work?

A

Copronicus and Galileo

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20
Q

What was Issac the most influential in?

A

Science

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21
Q

What did Issac publish a book on?

A

Math

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22
Q

What kind of math did Issac make?

A

Calculas

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23
Q

What BIG IDEA did Issac newton discover?

A

Gravity

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24
Q

What did Descartes believe about faith?

A

You should use reason instead of blind faith for the truth

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25
Q

Who said “I think therefore I am”?

A

Descartes

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26
Q

What does I think therefore I am mean?

A

Any thing you think could exist if you have reason

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27
Q

Who created the Scientific Method?

A

Francis Bacon

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28
Q

How does Francis Bacon think you should approach science?

A

Carefully

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29
Q

What is inductive reasoning?

A

You go from specific reasoning too general conclusion

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30
Q

What is Inquisition?

A

the act of investigating very deeply

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31
Q

What did Andreas Vesalius study?

A

Human Anatomy

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32
Q

What did Andreas Vesalius disect?

A

Humans

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33
Q

What body parts did Andreas Vesalius learn the most about?(3)

A

organs, structure, and blood flow

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34
Q

Who challenged gender roles?(3)

A

Margret Cavendish, Maria Winklmann, Caroline herschal

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35
Q

What did majority enlightment thinkers think about woman?

A

They have natural rights but limited to home and family

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36
Q

What would wealthy woman do?

A

hosted informal parties

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37
Q

Why does Mary think woman need education?

A

So they can particpate equally in society

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38
Q

What did Benjamin Franklin do?

A

Help shape the U.S.

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39
Q

What did Benjamin Franklin invent?

A

Lightning rod

40
Q

Who is James Cook?

A

British explorer and cartographer

41
Q

How did the enlightenment thinkers think they could discover natural laws and govern society?

A

scientific method

42
Q

What is Oligarchy?

A

Leader rules in there own intrests

43
Q

What are Advantages of Oligarchy?(3)

A

Decisions happen rapidly
woman are more likely to ascend to power
Debate still exist

44
Q

What are Disadvantages of Oligarchy?(2)

A

No change in status quo
Free speech fails

45
Q

Examples of Oligarchy (2)

A

Bolivia and Mexico

46
Q

What is Democracy? (2)

A

elected by the people
most people are eligible to vote and have a say

47
Q

Advantages of Democracy(3)

A

open for changes
representation from people
promotes equality

48
Q

Disadvantages of Democracy (4)

A

opportunity for corruption
can lead to wrong choices for leadership
time to make decisions
favors majority

49
Q

Examples of Democracy (4)

A

Argentina
Ancient Greece
USA
UK

50
Q

What is Fascism? (2)

A

strong centralized government
led by dictator

51
Q

Disadvantages of Fascism (3)

A

Pave the way to abuse power
prevents freedom of speech
widen gap between rich and power

52
Q

Advantages of Facism (4)

A

prioritize welfare for country
promotes social economy equality
speeds up decision making progress
improves peace and order

53
Q

Examples of Facism

A

Italy and Germany

54
Q

What is Capitalism?(2)

A

people own their own buisness and property
must buy services for private use (health care)

55
Q

Advantages of Capitalism (2)

A

You get to choose how you want to make your own money
It is linked with economic growth

56
Q

Disadvantages of Capitalism (3)

A

It is focused on profit
It emphasizes consumption
It limits government in enforcing fair play rules

57
Q

Examples of Capitalism (4)

A

USA
UK
Japan
Singapore

58
Q

What is Socialism? (3)

A

Government owns larger industries
Government provide education, health, and welfare services
Allowing citizens some economic choices

59
Q

Advantages of Socialism (3)

A

There is a balance between wealth and earnings
There is equal access to health and education
It breaks down social barrirers

60
Q

Disadvantages of Socialism?(2)

A

people are unmotivated to devolp
government has to much control

61
Q

Examples of Socialism(4)

A

Vietnam Laos Denmark FInland

62
Q

What is communism?(2)

A

government owns all businesses
prove people with healthcare, education, and welfare

63
Q

Advantages of Communism(3)

A

equality
healthcare, education, and employment accessible to citizens

64
Q

Disadvantages of Communism(2)

A

government has power to dictate and run peoples lives
no finicial freedom

65
Q

Examples of communism (5)

A

china, cuba, north korea, laos, vietnam

66
Q

What is a dictatorship?(4)

A

Rule by a single leader
not been elected
-may use force
keep control

67
Q

advantages of a dictatorship(2)

A

ppower centralized in a singls person
ccomplete control of military and police

68
Q

Disadvantages of a dictatorship (2)

A

can abuse citizens who oppose his rule
citizens may demand that the dictator retuen control

69
Q

Examples of a Dictatorship (3)

A

Sudan Burma Zimbabwe

70
Q

What is Theocracy

A

rulers rule based on religous belief

71
Q

advantages if theocracy(2)

A

encourages political and social unity
leaders make decision with citizen values and beliefs

72
Q

Disadvantages of theocracy

A

one religion is hard to have everyone follow
if you don’t believe in the religion your rights can be abused

73
Q

Examples of theocracy

A

Vatican city
tibet
egyptian pharaohs

74
Q

What is constitutional monarcchy

A

elected officals and monarchs

75
Q

advantages of constitutional monarchy (3)

A

monarch has no time frame for term
traditions are perserved
balence between monarch and elected officals

76
Q

disadvanteds of constitutional monarchy (3)

A

progression is hard
monarch can not be removed
promotes class privlege

77
Q

examples of constitutional monarchy(3)

A

England
Norway
Thailand

78
Q

What is a republic(2)

A

voters vote for representative
set period of time

79
Q

Advantages of republic(2)

A

elected representatives
Power of voting

80
Q

Disadvantages of republic(1)

A

limits government

81
Q

Examples of republic (5)

A

USA
France
Greece
Turkey
Argentina

82
Q

What are natural laws?

A

unchanged principles discovered through reason, all humans have it

83
Q

What is the enlightment

A

solve the political, social, and economic issues

84
Q

What is reason?

A

an explanation

85
Q

What is progress?

A

getting better in bits and pieces

86
Q

What is hope

A

Beliving and wanting something to happen

87
Q

Who is John Locke?

A

Believed people want to do the right thing
Government exists to protect rights
woman should have ability to reason

88
Q

What are the three natural rights

A

life, liberty, and property

89
Q

Who is Montesquieu

A

believes in limited monarchy
power split between three branches
men>woman

90
Q

Who is Voltaire

A

supported freedom of speech and religion
seperation of church and state

91
Q

Who is Thomas Hobbes?

A

people are cruel greedy and selfish
supported absolute monarchy

92
Q

What is a social contract?

A

people give up their rights to be protected by the government

93
Q

Who is Mary Wollenstonecraft?

A

woman need education to practicipate equally in public
against monarchy and patriarchy

94
Q

Who is Cesare Beccaria?(4)

A

punshimnets have to fit the crime
representative democracy
speedy trial right
law people should make decisions

95
Q

what are salem witch trials

A

When people would be accused of witchcraft

96
Q

Supersition vs reason

A

if you have a reason behind why something is happening then it is science if you don’t its superstitions.

History (4 decks)

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