Unit C Lists

Question 1

How nitrogen can be fixed:

Answer 1

Bacteria in soil, bacteria on root nodes, lightning

Question 2

Humans Changing Chemicals:

Answer 2

Agricultural activities, solid wastes, wastewater, fuel combustion, industrial processes

Question 3

What makes up the earth? (%)

Answer 3

Minerals (45%), air (25%), water (25%), organic matter (5%)

Question 4

Types of Organic molecules:

Answer 4

Carbs, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids

Question 5

Nine macronutrients:

Answer 5

Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, phosphorous, potassium, magnesium, sulfur, calcium

Question 6

Three ways for plants to get nutrients:

Answer 6

Diffusion, osmosis, active transport

Question 7

Kinds of sugar:

Answer 7

Maltose (double), glucose (single)

Question 8

5 Water Quality Categories:

Answer 8

human drinking water, recreation, livestock, irrigation, protection of aquatic life (HRLIP)

Question 9

Two kinds of biological indicators:

Answer 9

Microbiological indicators, aquatic invertebrates

Question 10

Kinds of aquatic invertebrates:

Answer 10

insects, crustaceans, worms and mollusks

Question 11

The amount of dissolved oxygen in water depends on:

Answer 11

Temperature, turbulence, amount of photosynthesis, number of organisms (POTT)

Question 12

Monitored indicators of water quality:

Answer 12

dissolved oxygen, plant nutrients, acidity, pesticides, heavy metals, salts

Question 13

Main components of air:

Answer 13

78% nitrogen, 21% oxygen, <1% argon, 0.03% carbon dioxide, other trace gases

Question 14

How to determine air quality:

Answer 14

measure pollutants in air, estimate emissions

Question 15

Three sources of carbon dioxide:

Answer 15

breathing, cars, bonfires

Question 16

Main greenhouse gases:

Answer 16

water vapor, carbon dioxide, methane, nitrogen oxides

Question 17

Affects of climate change:

Answer 17

more violent storms, flooding of coastal areas, melting glaciers, greater spread of disease, warming oceans, ocean acidification (FWOGMM)

Question 18

Four kinds of material transport:

Answer 18

in air, in groundwater, in surface water, in soil

Question 19

Chemicals can be transported by the air in 3 stages:

Answer 19

release at the source, dispersion in the atmosphere, deposition in soil or water by rain or snow

Question 20

Factors affecting movement of groundwater:

Answer 20

number of pores in soil, connection of pores in soil

Question 21

Substances that contaminate groundwater:

Answer 21

minerals in rock or soil, organic substances, leachate, leaked substances from storage tanks and pipelines, inorganic substances (ag, industries), microorganisms from septic tanks, household chemicals

Question 22

Water on farmers field does 4 things:

Answer 22

evaporates, soak in to soil, runs onto street or stream, soaks through soil and moves downward

Question 23

Concentration of a chemical can be reduced by:

Answer 23

dispersion, dilution, biodegradation, phytoremediation, photolysis