Unit C - Conception, Pregnacy, Antepartum

Question 1

what is the union of sperm and ovum called?

Answer 1

ampulla

Question 2

The sperm travels from ___ to the ____?

Answer 2

vagina to fallopian tube

Question 3

What does the chemical change in the fertilization process do?

Answer 3

Prevents other sperm penetration

Question 4

After the egg is fertilized it is called a ____?

Answer 4

zygote

Question 5

How long does zygote migration take?

Answer 5

3-4 days

Question 6

What is the cleavage (mitotic) cell division phases? (3)

Answer 6

Morula -> Blastocyst -> embryo/embryonic membrane

Question 7

What is the endometrium?

Answer 7

The outside lining of the uterus

Question 8

What is the endometrium called after implantation?

Answer 8

Decidua

Question 9

When does cell differentiation occur?

Answer 9

After implantation

Question 10

what is the function of the chorion?

Answer 10

fetal side of placenta & blood vessels covering the placenta

Question 11

what is the function of the Amnion?

Answer 11

amniotic cavity (bag of waters), covers the vessels, & fetal surface of the placenta

Question 12

what are the layers of the primary germ layers? from outer in?

Answer 12

ectoderm, mesoderm, endoderm

Question 13

what is the function of the amniotic fluid?

Answer 13

maintain temperature, prevent the sac from attaching to the fetal skin, allows for symmetric growth of the fetus, allows for fetal movement, acts as a cushion, protects the umbilical cord.

Question 14

what is the umbilical cord formed from?

Answer 14

the amnion

Question 15

arteries carry blood ______ to the fetus?

Answer 15

away

Question 16

veins carry blood _____ to the fetus?

Answer 16

towards

Question 17

average length of umbilical cord at birth?

Answer 17

55 cm, range from 30-90 cm

Question 18

what is the function of the placenta?

Answer 18

fetal respiration, nutrition, and excretions. It also helps with hormones.

Question 19

what hormones are founds in the placenta?

Answer 19

progesterone, estrogen, hCG, hPL(human placental lactogen)

Question 20

what are the physiological diversions?

Answer 20

foramen ovale, ductus arteriosus, ductus venus

Question 21

how does pre-birth circulation occur?

Answer 21

blood enters the body through the umbilical vein. waste is returned though the umbilical artery.

Question 22

how does post-birth circulation occur?

Answer 22

Foramen ovale closes within 2 hours after birth –Ductus arteriosus closes within 15 hours –Ductus venosus closes functionally when cord is cut

Question 23

what is the zygote time frame?

Answer 23

day 1 to 14

Question 24

when is the embryonic time frame?

Answer 24

day 15 to 8 weeks. 3cm long

Question 25

when is the fetus time frame?

Answer 25

week 9 to birth

Question 26

during the embryonic phase what are being developed?

Answer 26

organ systems and external features.

Question 27

during _____ phase the baby is at increased risk for harm due to teratogens?

Answer 27

embryonic

Question 28

during the _____ phase they are less at risk from teratogen, except for those that effect the CNS?

Answer 28

fetus stage

Question 29

when is a fetus viable for birth?

Answer 29

20 weeks. when they weigh 500g

Question 30

what are teratogens?

Answer 30

alcohol, drugs, chemicals, infections, maternal conditions, exposure to radiation.

Question 31

what is antepartum?

Answer 31

pre-birth

Question 32

what is intrapartum?

Answer 32

during birth

Question 33

what is postpartum?

Answer 33

after-birth

Question 34

a woman who is pregnant is called?

Answer 34

Gravida

Question 35

a woman who has never been pregnant is called?

Answer 35

Nulligravida

Question 36

the first pregnancy is called?

Answer 36

Primigravida

Question 37

when a woman has had two or more pregnancies it is called?

Answer 37

Multigravida

Question 38

what does Gravidity mean?

Answer 38

pregnancy

Question 39

what does parity mean?

Answer 39

number of pregnancies in which fetus or fetuses have reached viability, not number of fetuses born

Question 40

what is it called when a woman has reached fetal viability but not yet gave birth?

Answer 40

Nullipara

Question 41

what is it called when a woman completed one pregnancy of fetal viability?

Answer 41

primipara

Question 42

what is it called when a woman has reached two or more pregnancies to fatal viability?

Answer 42

mulitpara

Question 43

what is the length of full-term pregnancy?

Answer 43

37-41 weeks

Question 44

when is it considered pre-term pregnancy?

Answer 44

when birth occurs after 20 weeks.

Question 45

when is it considered post-term pregnancy?

Answer 45

after 42 weeks.

Question 46

how do you do Nägele’s rule?

Answer 46

1) identify the first day of LMP 2) count back 3 months 3) add 7 days

Question 47

what is Nägele’s rule used to determine?

Answer 47

estimated date of birth

Question 48

what is the time frame for the first trimester?

Answer 48

week 1-13

Question 49

what is the time frame for the second trimester?

Answer 49

week 14-26

Question 50

what is the time frame for the third trimester?

Answer 50

week 27-40

Question 51

what are some of the first signs of pregnancy?

Answer 51

missed period, Amenorrhea, nausea, vomiting, breast tenderness, urinary frequency, fatigue, quickening

Question 52

what is quickening?

Answer 52

feeling the fetus' movement

Question 53

what are some PROBABLE ways of determining pregnancy?

Answer 53

pregnancy tests, uterine enlargement, Braxton Hicks contractions

Question 54

what are positive indicators for pregnancy?

Answer 54

fetal heart beat, feeling fetal movement by other person, and ultra sound

Question 55

what happens to the uterus when pregnant?

Answer 55

changes in size/shape

Question 56

what happens to the cervic when pregnant?

Answer 56

it gains a mucus plug

Question 57

what happens to the ovaries during pregnancy?

Answer 57

it produces progesterone

Question 58

what happens to the vagina during pregnancy?

Answer 58

its pH decreases

Question 59

what happens to breasts during pregnancy?

Answer 59

They become full/heavy. heightened sensitivity Areolae become more pigmented produce colostrum

Question 60

what is supine hypertension syndrome?

Answer 60

when a woman lies flat on her back and it causes the inferior vena cava blood flow to be stopped.

Question 61

what can supine hypertension syndrome lead to?

Answer 61

fetal hypoxia

Question 62

what are danger signs for pregnancy?

Answer 62

sudden gush of fluid from vagina, vaginal bleeding, abdominal pain, excessive vomiting, reduced urine output

Question 63

what are danger signs for pregnancy?

Answer 63

epigastric pain, edema on face/hands, severe headache, blurred vision and a temp over 100.4F

Question 64

preterm labor occurs between week ___ and week ____?

Answer 64

20 & 37

Question 65

signs/symptoms of preterm labor?

Answer 65

cramping, abdominal pain, and back aching

Question 66

corticoids used for preterm labor?

Answer 66

betamethasone