Unit C

Question 0

What is maturation?

Answer 0

It is a process

Question 1

Name the three components of maturation..

Answer 1

Time, timing and tempo

Question 2

What is maturity?

Answer 2

It is a status within the maturation process

Question 3

What are the 5 measures of maturity?

Answer 3

Skeletal
Sexual
Somatic
Dental 
Neuromuscular

Question 4

What is the duration of skeletal growth?

Answer 4

The whole growth period..

Question 5

What is the duration of sexual growth?

Answer 5

Adolescence

Question 6

What is the duration of somatic growth?

Answer 6

Growth spurt/ adolescence

Question 7

What is the duration of neuromuscular growth?

Answer 7

Motor development mile stones

Question 8

What are the motor development milestones?

Answer 8

See unit a

Question 9

What is the duration of dental growth?

Answer 9

Infancy, childhood

Question 10

What is bone age and what are the 4 components we look at?

Answer 10

It’s the measure of how mature your bones are (when they go from prenatal cartilage skeleton to fully developed skeleton)
This is based on
Ossification -> how white it is
Shape -> how refined the shape is
Joint formation-> is the joint wide or narrow (narrow = mature)
Epiphyseal fusion of bones

Question 11

What are the three methods of assessment of skeletal maturity?

Answer 11

Greulich-Pyle (GP)
Tanner-White House
Fels

Question 12

What is greulich-Pyle? And where is it used

Answer 12

It’s is an xray of the hand that is compared to other X-rays to indicate age.. It is used in clinic

Question 13

What is ultrasound and MRI used for? Which one is cheaper?

Answer 13

Can now estimate adult height.. Ultrasound is cheaper

Question 14

Why do we care about skeletal maturity?

Answer 14

Health related issues

Sports

Question 15

What could be the reason why athletes/ high performance athletes are more skeletally mature?

Answer 15

Either they are picked because they show maturity or the exercises are promoting them to be more mature..

Question 16

What is the relative age effect?

Answer 16

Relative age = the month at which you were born
Among athletes there is a trend that those who were in the older age (ie born January - March vs October -December) they succeed more in sport

Question 17

What is sexual maturity (general terms)?

Answer 17

The ability to reproduce

Question 18

What are the tanner stages?

Answer 18

A sexual maturity assessment (there are 5 stages)

For girls
Pubic hair
Breast development
Menarche

For boys
Pubic hair (ph)
Penis and testes (G)

Question 19

Within the tanner stages when do we start to see development?

Answer 19

Stage 2

Question 20

How do we assess sexual maturity using the tanner stages?

Answer 20

Secondary sex characteristics

Question 21

Is pubertal maturation occurring at earlier ages? / can obesity effect maturation

Answer 21

Over all yes but not for good reasons it is because there is an higher overall bmi in the younger population therefore they are maturing earlier because obesity can affect the rate of maturation

Question 22

What are factors that could explain menstrual dysfunction?

Answer 22

Genetics, preselection (similar to the relative age concept) and environmental factors (exercise, nutrition, psychological stress)

Question 23

Why is it hard to deturmine if a dysfunction of maturity is due to an endocrine problem? What does indicate maturity though?

Answer 23

Variability throughout day
Variability between days
Affecting factors (stress) 
Wide normal range
Presence does not equal activity 
Free vs. bound 

What does indicate maturity - increase in hormones secretion begining initially in sleep until maturity..

Question 24

What are the 4 indicators of skeletal maturity?

Answer 24

Ossification, shape, joint formation, epiphyseal fusion of bones

Question 25

Why do we care about skeletal maturity?

Answer 25

Possible health risks and sports potential..