Unit B Section 1 Flashcards
The function/structure of a Stem is
Transport: Water and nutrients are transported between the leaves and the roots. Support: Stems support the leaves and ensure the Transport: Water and nutrients are transported between the leaves and the roots.
The function/structure of a Leaf is
produce food for the plant by collecting energy from the sun and changing it to chemical energy (food).take in and release oxygen and carbon dioxide. water enters and leaves the cells of the leaves through the guard cells
(stoma/stomata)
The function/structure of a Seed is
Seeds contain an embryo that will form anew plant. They also contain a food supply for the embryo.
The function/structure of a Cone/Flower is
Both cones and flowers have male and female parts for reproduction.
Osmosis
Water from the soil enters root cells by a process called osmosis. When the concentration of water in the soil is greater than the concentration of the water in the roots, water moves into the root cells.
Diffusion
Diffusion happens when there is a difference in concentration. Particles move from an area of high concentration to low concentration. Ex - food colouring in water or perfume in a room
active transport is another process that enables a plant to get nutrients. It requires energy to move these substances in and out of the plant.
Capillary action
Another process that helps water move up through a plant is called capillary action.
Water particles are attracted to each other and to the sides of the tubes in the roots andstems. This attraction causes water particles to ¨stick” together and move up inside the plant, moving against gravity.
Transpiration
Water particles evaporate from the surface of the leaves and more water particles move up within the plant to take their place.
The loss of water through evaporation is called transpiration.
Photosysnthesis
The energy of the sun is trapped in the leaves and changed into chemical energy. Carbon dioxide and water are used by the leaves in the process called photosynthesis, to make sugar and give off oxygen.
Cellular respiration
During cellular respiration, plants release carbon dioxide and let oxygen into their cells.
Seedling stage
Growth is very fast producing new leaves, roots, stems and their own food. Still need nutrients from the soil.
Adult stage
A plant is an adult when it produces reproductive structures (flower or cone).
Ovary
Ovules contain the female part of the flower.
Stigma
Male part of the flower where the pollen is deposited
Nectar
