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Science 9 Vocab > Unit B Matter&Chemical Change > Flashcards

Unit B Matter&Chemical Change Flashcards

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1
Q

Safety Hazard Symbols

A

A system of communicating how dangerous a substance is using symbols inside specifically coloured shapes

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2
Q

WHIMIS OR MSDS

A

A system of symbols designed to help protect people who use potentially harmful substances at work

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3
Q

Matter

A

Anything that has mass and takes up space

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4
Q

Properties

A

Characteristics that can be used to describe a substance

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5
Q

States of Matter

A

Solid, liquid, gas

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6
Q

Melting

A

Solid to liquid

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7
Q

Evaporation

A

Liquid to gas

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8
Q

Condensation

A

Gas to liquid

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9
Q

Freezing

A

Liquid to solid

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10
Q

Sublimation

A

Solid to gas

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11
Q

Deposition

A

Gas to solid

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12
Q

Physical property

A

Property that describes the physical appearance and composition of a substance

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13
Q

Lustre

A

Example of property that describes the physical appearance and composition of a substance

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14
Q

Physical change

A

A change in appearance or state of a substance that does not also change the composition

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15
Q

Chemical property

A

A property or behaviour of a substance when it undergoes chemical change or reaction, including reactivity with other substances, and flammability

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16
Q

Chemical reaction

A

A reaction that takes when 2+ substances react to form new substances with new properties

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17
Q

Pure substance

A

Substance made of only one kind of matter (atom or molecule) in a specific ratio, and with a unique set of properties

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18
Q

Element

A

A pure substance made of only one type of atom; it can be broken down into other substances

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19
Q

Compound

A

A pure substance made of 2+ types of atoms with a specific ratio

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20
Q

Mixture

A

A combination of pure substances where the proportions of each of those substances could be different ratios

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21
Q

Mechanical mixtures

A

A mixture in which the different substances in it are visible (heterogeneous mixture)

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22
Q

Solution

A

A mixture of 2+ different substances, where it appears to be one substance (individual substances are not visible)(homogeneous mixture)

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23
Q

Aqueous

A

A solution in which water is the solvent; the subscript aq is used to identify it

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24
Q

Suspension

A

A cloudy mixture in which tiny particles of one substance are held within another, and the particles can be separated out

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25
Q

Colloid

A

A cloudy mixture in which tiny particles of one substance are held within another and particles cannot be separated out from other

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26
Q

Periodic table

A

A chart in which the elements are organized according to their physical and chemical properties

27
Q

Period

A

A horizontal row of elements in periodic table

28
Q

Groups or family

A

A vertical column of elements in the periodic table; these elements all have similar chemical properties

29
Q

Atoms

A

The smallest part of an element that is representative of that element; a neutral particle made up of a nucleus containing protons and neutrons, and in which the number of electrons equals the number of protons

30
Q

Nucleus

A

Positively charged centre of an atom; contains protons and neutrons

31
Q

Protons

A

Positively charged sub-atomic particle, found in nucleus of an atom

32
Q

Electrons

A

Negatively charged sub-atomic particle, found orbiting the nucleus of an atom

33
Q

Neutrons

A

Neutrally charge sub-atomic particle,found in the nucleus of an atom

34
Q

Atomic number

A

The number of protons in the nucleus of one atom of an element(also will be the number of electrons as atoms are neutral and therefore must have an equal number of protons and neutrons)

35
Q

Atomic mass

A

Average mass of one atom of an element including the mass of the protons, neutrons, and electrons; although electrons are included, their mass is so small that the mass is interpreted to only include the protons and neutrons

36
Q

Mass number

A

The sum of the number of protons and neutrons in an atom; the rounded version of atomic mass

37
Q

Metals

A

Shiny, malleable, ductile elements that conduct electricity; approximately 75% of the elements on the PT; found to the left of the staircase line

38
Q

Non-metals

A

Dull, brittle elements that do not conditions electricity; found on right of the staircase line

39
Q

Metalloids

A

Elements that have both metallic and non-metallic properties; found along the staircase line

40
Q

Alkali metals

A

Group 1 elements inPT, not including hydrogen; the most reactive of the metals

41
Q

Alkaline earth metals

A

Group 2 elements in the PT, their reactivity is not as strong as that of the elements in group 1

42
Q

Halogens

A

Group 17 elements in the PT; the most reactive of the non-metals

43
Q

Noble gases

A

Group 18 elements in the PT; the most stable and unreactive elements

44
Q

Chemical formula

A

A combination of symbols that represent a compound; the formula identifies the elements in the compound and the number of atoms of each element

45
Q

Ions

A

Atoms that have become electrically charged due to gaining (- charge) or losing (+ charge) electrons

46
Q

Polyatomic ions

A

Groups of atoms acting on a single ion

47
Q

Ionic compound

A

Pure substance formed when a positively charged ion (metal) and a negatively charged ion (non-metal) chemically combine

48
Q

Molecule

A

Groups of atoms joined by covalent bonds (sharing of electrons)

49
Q

Molecular compound

A

Pure substance formed when non-metallic atoms chemically combine

50
Q

Chemical reaction

A

A reaction that takes place when 2+substances react to form new substances with new properties

51
Q

Reactant

A

A substance that reacts with another substance or substances in a chemical reaction to create a new substance or substances with different properties

52
Q

Product

A

The new substance(s) produced in a chemical reaction between reactants

53
Q

Exothermic

A

A chemical reaction that releases energy (heat out)

54
Q

Endothermic

A

A chemical reaction that absorbs energy (heat in)

55
Q

Combustion

A

A chemical reaction that occurs when oxygen reacts with a substance to form new substances (carbon dioxide and water) and give off energy

56
Q

Corrosion

A

A slow chemical reaction that occurs when oxygen in the air reacts with metal

57
Q

Cellular respiration

A

A chemical reaction that takes place in cells; food(sugar) reacts with oxygen to carbon dioxide, water, and energy

58
Q

Open system

A

An “experiment” in which 1+ products of a chemical reaction can escape

59
Q

Closed system

A

An “experiment” in which all reactants and all products of a chemical reaction are enclosed and accounted for

60
Q

Law of conservation of mass

A

The principle that matter is not created or destroyed in a chemical reaction; the mass of the products always equals the mass of the reactants in a closed system

61
Q

Catalyst

A

A substance that helps a chemical reaction to proceed more quickly

62
Q

Enzyme

A

A catalyst involved in chemical reactions that occur in living things

63
Q

The four factors that can affect the rate at which a chemical reaction can happen

A
  1. presence of catalyst
  2. concentration of reactants
  3. temp. of reactants
  4. surface area of reactants

Science 9 Vocab (1 decks)

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