unit B Caleigh,Victoria, anna

Question 1

What’s an ecotone?

Answer 1

Transition areas; contains species from bordering ecosystems

Question 2

What biotic factors would you find in a muskeg?

Answer 2

Few soil bacteria/fungi, lichens, moss, shrubs, black flies, mosquitoes.

Question 3

What is the littoral zone?

Answer 3

Area from a shore of a lake to where no more plants grow.

Question 4

What is found in the limnetic zone?

Answer 4

Plankton, fish, tadpoles, birds, sunlight.

Question 5

What is the profundal zone?

Answer 5

Region of a lake below the limnetic zone, insufficient light for photosynthesis.

Question 6

What are the layers of soil?

Answer 6

Litter, topsoil, subsoil, bedrock.

Question 7

What are the factors of biotic potential?

Answer 7

Birth potential, capacity for survival, breeding frequency, length of productive life.

Question 8

What are limits of tolerance?

Answer 8

Law of minimum, law of tolerance, density independence factors, density dependent factors.

Question 9

What is an oligotrophic lake?

Answer 9

Low nutrient levels, deep, cold, clear waters, holds dissolved gasses.

Question 10

What is a eutrophic lake ?

Answer 10

Lakes get shallower and warmer, good supply of nutrients, very productive, marshy, oxygen depletion.

Question 11

3 indicators of water quality are:

Answer 11

Bacteria, dissolved oxygen, biological oxygen demand

Question 12

What is biological oxygen demand?

Answer 12

The amount of dissolved oxygen needed by decomposers to break down organic matter in water at 20 degrees over five days

Question 13

What is phylogeny?

Answer 13

The history or evolution of a species or group of organisms (phylogenic trees used to demonstrate this)

Question 14

what are the six kingdoms?

Answer 14

eubacteria, archaebacteria, protista, fungi, plantae, animilia.

Question 15

what are the different ways of classifying organisms from general to most specific?

Answer 15

kingdom, phyla, class, order, family, genus, species.

Question 16

what did darwin study?, where did he study?, and what did he discover?

Answer 16

studied finches in the galapagos islands, discovered natural selection and that some species are better adapted to survive then others.

Question 17

what is radiometric dating?

Answer 17

a technique used to determine the age of a fossil or rock, using half lives.

Question 18

what are some problems caused by cottagers?

Answer 18

sewage goes into the water table and runs into the lakes, becomes foamy by the shorelines because of an increase in nitrogen and phosphorus from lawns.

Question 19

what is the term refering to the science of classifying organisms?

Answer 19

taxonomy

Question 20

what does the term endemic mean?

Answer 20

a term used to describe a species that is found in one area.

Question 21

what is a vestigial feature?

Answer 21

a feature that may have served as a useful function in an ancient ancestor.

Question 22

who had the same theory as darwin?

Answer 22

Alfred Wallace

Question 23

what is divergent evolution?

Answer 23

when a species evolves rapidly into many different species.

Question 24

what are the 3 steps of allopatric speciation?

Answer 24

1: seperation by a physical barrier.
2: populations evolves independantly.
3: physical/behavioral differences between two groups so they can no longer breed.

Question 25

what is the theory of punctuated equilibrium?

Answer 25

the idea that a species evolves rapidly followed by a period of little or no change.

Question 26

what are genes?

Answer 26

segments of DNA that have codes for specific traits.

Question 27

what are the 3 types/effects of mutations?

Answer 27

neutral, harmful, and beneficial mutation.

Question 28

what is asexual reproduction?

Answer 28

the production of offspring from a single parent.

Question 29

what is the theory of gradualism?

Answer 29

the idea that speciation takes place slowly.

Question 30

what is some evidence supporting evolution from biochemistry?

Answer 30

each species has amino acid sequences that have evolved over time to be different.