Unit B

Question 1

What is ecology ?

Answer 1

The study of an ecosystem.

Question 2

What is an ecotone ?

Answer 2

Transition areas. Contain greater diversity.

Question 3

Describe the soil of a Taiga ecosystem.

Answer 3

Well drained.

Question 4

Describe the soil of a Muskeg ecosystem.

Answer 4

Poor drained. Low oxygen.

Question 5

Factors affecting terrestrial ecosystems. (4)

Answer 5

Soil. Available water. Temperature. Sunlight.

Question 6

Factors affecting aquatic ecosystems. (4)

Answer 6

Chemical environment. Temperature and sunlight. Water pressure. Seasonal variation.

Question 7

What are the 4 factors that limit populations and communities.

Answer 7

Biotic potential. Limiting factors. Carrying capacity. Limits of tolerance.

Question 8

What is biotic potential regulated by. (4)

Answer 8

Birth potential. Capacity for survival. Breeding frequency. Length of productive life.

Question 9

Limits of tolerance are regulated by …

Answer 9

Law of the minimum. Law of tolerance. Density independent factors. Density.

Question 10

What effects changes in a terrestrial ecosystem.

Answer 10

Forestry practices. Effects of fire. Changes in lake ecosystems.

Question 11

What is oligotrophic

Answer 11

Deep cold lakes that have low nutrients. Clear water and low productivity.

Question 12

What is eutrophic

Answer 12

Shallow warm lakes that have an excellent supply of nutrients very productive. May experience oxygen depletion

Question 13

Why are forests important

Answer 13

Recycle water and carbon dioxide and produce oxygen.

Question 14

What are 3 methods of deforestation.

Answer 14

Slash and burn. Clear cutting. Selective cutting.

Question 15

What are 3 indicators of water quality

Answer 15

Bacteria. Dissolved oxygen. Biological oxygen demand.

Question 16

What is taxonomy

Answer 16

Classifying organisms according to relationships

Question 17

What is binomial nomenclature

Answer 17

A way to name things using 2 names. First part genus (general name) second part species (more specific)

Question 18

What are some advantages of using binomial nomenclature ?

Answer 18

common language. identifying organisms. indicates similarities in anatomy

Question 19

what are the 6 characteristics of kingdoms ?

Answer 19

eubacteria. archeabacteria. protista. fungi. plantae. animalia.

Question 20

what is phylogeny ?

Answer 20

history of the evolution of a species or a group of organisms.

Question 21

how are the relationships of phylogeny shown ?

Answer 21

phylogenetic tree

Question 22

what is a dichotomous key ?

Answer 22

a 2 part key used to identify living things

Question 23

6 indirect evidence for evolution

Answer 23

fossil record. geographic distribution of species. comparitive anatomy and embryology. behaviour. plant and animal breeding. biochemistry and genetics

Question 24

what is paleontology

Answer 24

the study of fossils

Question 25

what is biogeography

Answer 25

study of the geographic distribution of life on earth

Question 26

endemic ?

Answer 26

a term used to describe a species that is found in one location only.

Question 27

evidence of evolution from anatomy

Answer 27

homologous features. analogous features. embryonic development, vestigial features.

Question 28

lamarcks theory

Answer 28

new very simple species created by spontaneous generation. organisms could produce new parts to adapt to the environment. environment plays a role in evolution of organisms.

Question 29

darwins theory.

Answer 29

same fossils = descendants of the fossil species that resembled them. same species found in cold and warm parts of S.A. same animal, different species. geological forces accounted for the location of fossils and the mountains

Question 30

3 types of mutations

Answer 30

loss of entire section of dna. duplication of an entire section of dna. changes to dna sequence.