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Science > Unit A; topic 1-4 vocab > Flashcards

Unit A; topic 1-4 vocab Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Species

A

living organisms with the same structure and can reproduce successfully

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2
Q

Biological Diversity

A

different types of animals and ecosystems on earth and ecological processes

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3
Q

Ecosystem

A

Environment where biotic and abiotic organisms interact

biotic is living and abiotic is non living

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4
Q

Population

A

Same species in an area

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5
Q

Community

A

different species living in the same area

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6
Q

symbiosis

A

relationship between two different species

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7
Q

commensalism

A

One organism benefits and the other is unharmed

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8
Q

mutualism

A

both organisms benefits

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9
Q

parasitism

A

one organism benefits and the other is harmed

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10
Q

Interspecies competition

A

two or more species fighting to use the same limited resource

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11
Q

Niche

A

role of an organism and ecosystem

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12
Q

Resource partitioning

A

divisons of limited resources between species to avoid competition

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13
Q

Variability

A

different types within a species

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14
Q

Natural selection

A

Environment selects which individual survives and reproduce

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15
Q

Heritable Characteristics

A

Traits that are passed down from generation

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16
Q

inheritable characteristics

A

Traitscaused by enironment. ex, playing a piano, playing a sport

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17
Q

discrete variations

A

either/or a form of a heritable characteristic. ex, you can either roll your tongue or you can’t

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18
Q

continious varitaions

A

heritable traits that fall within a range. ex, height, weight…

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19
Q

asexual reproductions

A

reproduction involving one parent

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20
Q

binary fission

A

when a cell divided into two identical cells

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21
Q

budding

A

new organism is produce from an outgrowth or budding from the parent. ex, hydra

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22
Q

spores

A

Single celled organisms formed by a parent

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23
Q

vegetative reproduction

A

plants that do not involve a formation of a seed

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24
Q

cutting

A

cutting from a plant placed in water to grow roots then to an adult

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25
Q

runner

A

grow new plants among them. ex, strawberries and spider plants

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26
Q

tuber

A

roots produce a shoot and when seperated forms into an identical plant. ex, aspen tree

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27
Q

sexual reproduction

A

reproduction involving two parents and offspring is always genetically different

28
Q

Gametes

A

specialized sex cells

29
Q

Fertilization

A

the union of the sperm and egg

30
Q

zygote

A

new cell formed by the sperm and egg

31
Q

cleavage

A

division of cells that start to form the embryo

32
Q

embryo

A

underdeveloped organism in the first stage

33
Q

cross pollination

A

transfer of pollen from a similar species to the stigma by wind, water, animals or humans.

34
Q

cross fertilization

A

union of two gametes from different parents to form zygote

35
Q

Undergone extirpation

A

species that are extinct in one area but can be found somewhere else.

36
Q

ecosystem diversity

A

variations of environments

37
Q

species diversity

A

different types of animals in an ecosystem

38
Q

genetic diversity

A

variety of different traits within a species

39
Q

Behavioral adaption

A

what an organism does to survive its environment

40
Q

structural adaption

A

a physical trait that helps an organism survive, usually born with it

41
Q

Board niches

A

eat a variety of food and lives in variety of places

42
Q

narrow niches

A

eat one type of food and live in a very specific climate

43
Q

DNA

A

Blueprint of life. genetic material mainly found in the nuclei

44
Q

Genetic code

A

agrrangment of 4 chemical letters intowords that for insrutions for making an organsm

45
Q

chromosomes

A

where the DNA is packaged in

46
Q

Gene

A

coding for a characteristic

47
Q

Allele

A

a variant of a gene.
ex, blue eyes, brown eyes, green eyes

48
Q

Mitosis

A

cell division that is used for growth and cellular repair. produces two daughter cells

49
Q

meiosis

A

cell division that produces 4 daughter cells and used to produce gametes

50
Q

trait

A

characteristic

51
Q

purebred

A

organism that has ancestors all with the same form of trait

52
Q

hybird

A

cross breeding two individual for different forms of trait

53
Q

Dominant trait

A

trait that will always appear

54
Q

recessive trait

A

trait that doesn’t always appear

55
Q

incomplete dominance

A

dominant trait doesn’t really show up with recessive rait around

56
Q

Extinction

A

A species where all individuals are gone from a planet

57
Q

expiration

A

where all individuals of a species is gone in a specific area

58
Q

Overspecialization

A

species that have small adaptions for some environmental conditions

59
Q

Artifical selection

A

Breeding by humans of plants and animals with desired traits to produce offsprings with those traits

60
Q

biotechnology

A

usuage of living things to create agriculture, medicinal, or waste products

61
Q

Clone

A

genetically identical copy of an entire organism

61
Q

artifical insemination

A

artifically joinging female and male gametes and then implanting embryo into a uterus

61
Q

genetic engineering

A

changing the DNA of an organism

62
Q

invitro fertilization

A

harvesting the sperm and implanting in uterus

63
Q

insitu conservation

A

maintaning wild organisms in their functioning ecosystems

64
Q

exsitu conservation

A

maintaining organisms outside their natural habitat. ex, Aquariums

Science (2 decks)

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