Unit A Mix and Flow of Matter Flashcards
Fluid
anything that has no fixed shape and can flow
ex: liquids and gases
Label any ______
containers you put chemicals in
report all ____
incidents or spills to a teacher
When using chemicals with _______
WHIMIS symbols make sure you understand what the mean.
Properties of Fluids
- Viscosity
2.buoyancy
3.density - compressability
________ are relitivly easy to move
fluids
some solids start out as a ______
fluids
Identify all 10 WHIMIS symbols of 2015
- Gas Cylinder 2. Flame 3. Flame over circle
4.Exclamation mark 5. health Hazard 6. Biohazoudous
- Corrosion 8.Exploding Bomb 9. Skull and crossbones
- Enviornment
Scientific medod steps
- make an observation
2.Form a question with research
3.form a hypothesis - Conduct an experiment
- Analize data
- draw an conclusion
what do these dangour level of whimiss classifications mean
1.Triangle
2. Hexagon
3. Diamond
4.Circle
- Caution
2.Warning - danger
4.Biohazourdous
WHMIS
workplace hazourdous material information system
Read all written ______
instructions before doing an activity
Listen carefully to all ____
instructions and follow them
wash your _______
hands before an experiment, after an experiment, and after handling chemicals
A risk of the gas cylinder
gas under pressure
A risk of the Flame
flammable products
A risk of the flame over circle
oxidizer
A risk of the Exclamation Mark
poisonous material
A risk of health Hazard
materials with dangour to health
A risk of the biohazordous
Infectous material
A risk of the corrosion
Material which reacts with metal/ skin
A risk of the exploding bomb
Explosive device
A risk of the skull and crossbone
acute toxicity
A risk of the enviornment
aquatic toxity
Wear safty equitment such as ________
googles, glooves, aprons, etc
Think before you _______
touch substances may be hot and dangourous
Smell a substance by ______
wafting smell with hand to nose.
Do not _______ anything
taste
Tie back _______ and roll up _______
hair
sleeves
When puring a substance _______
into a container put the contaner on a rack not in your hands
Clean up any _______
spilled substances imedditly and safely
Never look into a test tube from the _______
top, look from the side
Never use ______
cracked or broken glassware follow teachers instructions to deal with broken glass
How do you change the concentration of a substance?
add more solute to incerease add more solvent to decrease
Unsaturated Solution
solute can continue to be added and dissolved
saturated Solution
a salution in which no mire solute can be dissolved into solvent
solubility
maximum amount of solute that can be dissolved at given temp
True or false
Every Solution has the same saturation point for each tempature
false
Insoluble
solute will not dissolve
How do you calculate solubility?
the mass of the solute will be divided by the mass of the solvent then multiplyed by 100 you right it as your awnser g/the amount of solvent ml
ex: 1600g/100ml 1600 divided by 100 = 16 multiplyed by 100 = 160
then you write it as 160g/100ml
Solubility Curves
a graph which shows how much solute can be dissolved into a solvent at a specific tempature
solubility increases with ____ (most of the time)
tempature
Solubility is _____ for each substance
unique
An example universal solvent is
water
Solubilty depends on
type of solute, type of solvent, and tempature
Particle model of matter
particles are to small to be scene by the naked eye
particles have attraction to one another
particles are always moving and vibrating
particles have spaces in between
why do particles dissolve?
particles in solute are attracted to particles in solvent
How does tempature increase the rate of dissolving?
increase of temp. makes particles move faster causing more collisionm
How does the size of particles increase the rate of dissolving?
smaller pieces of the solute will dissolve faster because more surface area
How does stirring (agitation) increase the rate of dissolving?
it moves the particles around and increases collision
Matter
anything in our universe that takes up space and has mass
the three states of matter are ____
solid, liquid, gas
matter can be classified as _____
pure substances and mixtures
Pure substances are made up by _____
1 kind of matter
Pure substances have unigue set of -______
charecteristics
True or false
You can seperate pure substances into different substances
false
mixtures are made up by _____
2 or more kinds of matter/substance
each substance in a mixture _______ it’s own properties
keeps
True or false
Sometimes you are able to identify substances in a mixture
true
can mechanical mixtures be difficult to determine it pure substance or mixture?
yes
2 types of mechanical mixtures
homogenous’
heterogenous
homogenous mixture
it looks like one substance but it is not (aka solution) its all mixed together ex: blood
heterogenous mixture
you can see the different parts that make up the mixture
ex: salad
Suspensions
cloudy mixtures where tiny droplets of one substance are held within another substance. ex: fruiot juice
colloid
cloudy mixture exept droplets are so small they do not seperate
ex: milk
paper chromatography
something used to test if something is a pure substance or a mixture
solutions
one substance dissolved in another one (aka homogenous mixture)
solute
the substance that dissolves
solvent
the substance that does the dissolving
Concentration
The concentration of a solution can teel you how much solute dissolved into how much solvent
To compare concentration you need _____
to have the volume of the solvent the same for both solutions then look at the amount of solute
concentration is stated as _____
of grams of solute dissolved in how much solvent
ex: 50g/100ml
How do you calculate concentration?
divide amount of solute by the amount of solvent
50g/100ml = 0.5g/100ml
flow
how we describe fluid movement
True or false
Individual particles can move past each other.
true
The movement of a flow is ________
continuous and unbroken
Fluids form a _____ not a ______
puddle
pile
Friction
a force that results when 2 objects rub or touch causing resistance
Flow Rate
Volume of a fluid flowing past a certain point in a certain amount of time
Viscosity
the resistance of a fluid to flow
A high viscous substance is slow and a low viscous substance is fast
Which one of these fluids would flow the fastest? which would be second and which would be last?
Dish soap
water
Corn syrup
1.Water
2. Dish soap
3.corn sryup
internal friction
when individual particles have friction
What causes a resistance to flow?
internal friction
Flow rate _____ as viscosity _______
decreases
increases
How does tempature affect viscosity?
As temp increases, viscosity decrease in liquids but for gases its the opposite
How does the type of particle affect viscosity?
different particles are more prone to resistance than other particles
Density
a property that describes how close together particles in matter are close.
Formula for Density
d = m/v
d = #g/ml
If something is more dense it will _____ in something less dense
sink
If something is less dense it will _____ in something more dense
float
true or false
different substances have different size shape particles
true
size of particles affect how many can fit into a given
volume
the more space between particles the lower the
density
three states of matter in order of most dense to least.
1.Solid
2.Liquid
3.gas
water is an exeption
As tempature increases density
decreases
______ is less dense than air
heluim
Buoyant Force
Upward Force exerted on a object by a fluid, when the object is placed in the fluid
Density and Bouyabncy are realted. Density affects how much an object might float, sink, or be neutrally boyant
float, sink, or be neutrally boyant
______ is less dense than water
ice
Buoyancy
The tendancy of a certain object to float or sink in a fluid., that is denser than the object
What causes heavy ships to float
their shape
floating in water and air have the same
scientific principle
fuilds can exert a
boyant force
Positivly Buoyant
lift greater than weight causing object to climb
Neutrally Buoyant
lift same as weight causing object to maintain altidude
Negativly Buoyant
lift is less than weight causing object to sink/ lower
Archimedes Principle
an object placed in a fluid will float if it is less dense than the fluid and it will sink if it is more dense than the fluid.
the boyant force is equal to the weight of the
displaced water
Pressure
force applied over a specific area at a right angle to a surface
As area ____ pressure _____. This can also be reversed
increase
decreases
Formula for pressure
P = F/A
P= #pa(pascals)
Pascal’s Law
pressure applied to a fluid in a closed system will be transmitted throught the fluid at the same strenght. Pressure will puch on all sides egually.
Detergant
a substance used to clean laundry/clothes
How to Surfants help clean clothes in Laundry Deytergant.
Surfants attach themselve to dirt and oil particles which seperates them from fabrics and other materials
Why do manufactures no longer use phosphates in detergant
polluted water
some material in detergant
surfacts
optical whiteness
corrosion inhibitor
bleach
fragrance
What happens to blood when diving?
Pressure decreases rapidly causing nitrogen gas to bubble out, It can cause lots of pain and can kill if left untreated.
how a diaphram pump works
when the piston is pulled up the intake valve opens and output closes. Fluid is sucked into it and fills cylinder the piston is pushed down on and the intake valve closes outake opens and the fluid goes out of the outake valve.
archimedes screw
a pump invented by archimedes to remove water from the hold of a ship.
Are bicicle pumps, archimeds screws, and diaghpram pumps mainly based on the same idea.
yes
Why does it become harder to fill more air into a ball or tire as you keep going
the air has to keep compressing more and more and more to make room for more
Pipline pigs
transport oil and natural gases and creates clean fuel supply.
Valve
device which controls or regulates the amount of flow
stuff which use valves
1.toilet tank
2.sink tap
3.pump
4. dispenser
ballest tanks
contols if a subarine floats or sinks
how does a submarine stay on the surface
the ballest tanks are filled with air
how does a submarine dive
the air is leaving the ballest tank and water is entering
how does a subarine resurface
the water is leaving the ballest tank and air is entering
