Unit 9 - Mobility Flashcards
Mobility is defined as:
Ability to move: Freely Easily Rhythmically Purposefully
Mobility
- ___ us from ____.
- Meets our ___ ___ / allows us to preform ___.
- Vital to ___.
- Influences positive ___ / ___.
- Mobility is a ____.
Protects us from harm
Meets our basic needs – allows us to perform ADLS
Vital to independence
Influences positive self-image / esteem
Mobility is a continuum – full mobility to immobility (cannot move full or part of body)
Role of Skeletal System in Movement**
- What does it support
- What does it do for vital organs?
- What does it furnish?
- What does it provide?
- What does it produce?
- Supports the soft tissues of the body
- Encase and protect vital organs
- Furnishes surfaces for the attachment of muscles, tendons, and ligaments
- Provides storage areas for minerals (calcium) and fat
- Produces blood cells - hematopoiesis
Name and Explain the Three Types of Tissues***
1.Skeletal
Works with tendons and bones to move body
2.Cardiac
Bulk of heart – contracts heart
3.Smooth or visceral
forms walls of the hollow organs
Walls of blood vessels and hollow tubes
Connect internal organs
Name and explain the four important functions of muscles**
- Motion:
skeletal muscle contractions pull on tendons to move the bone - Maintenance of posture
Muscle contractions hold the body in stationary position - Support
Supports soft tissue in the abdominal wall and floor of the pelvis - Heat production
Muscle contractions produce heat maintain body temperature
Effect of Nervous System on Muscle Contraction
- What cannot happen without the CNS?
- What conveys information to the CNS?**
- How do impulses go from one part of the body to another?
- Where is information processed?
- How does a response get conveyed to the skeletal muscles?**
- No purposeful movement of musculoskeletal system without CNS
- The afferent nervous system conveys information to the CNS. ( Fly on my nose)
- Neurons conduct impulses from one part of the body to another. (Brush off the fly)
- Information is processed by the CNS.
- The efferent system conveys a response from the CNS to skeletal muscles via the somatic nervous system. ( fly brushed away )
3 Normal Physiologic Function
name and explain
**Alignment and posture body has no undue strain on joints muscle, tendons and ligaments Balance is maintained ***
Balance –stand or sit with eyes closed
Coordinated, fluid movement
c. basal ganglia – maintains posture
Alignment & Posture **
- What does it promote
- What is upright posture
- When is alignment achieved
- When is center of gravity achieved & what is it
- What is the line of gravity?
- Promotes optimal balance and maximum body function
- Upright posture = proper alignment of the bones, muscles and joints and a stable center of gravity
- Alignment achieved when the joints and muscles are not experiencing extremes in extension or flexion
Requires a balanced - Center of gravity : Center of pelvis midway between
umbilicus and symphysis pubis – **centers body weight - Line of gravity -imaginary vertical line through body’s
center of gravity begins at top of head to base of
support
Balance
1. Function of counteracting ___ and ___ to maintain ____.
- Reticular Formation (CNS) & Vestibular Apparatus of the ear prevents ___ and ___
- Function of counteracting gravity and reflexes to maintain posture
- Reticular Formation (CNS) & Vestibular Apparatus of the ear prevents falls and leaning
8 rules of good body mechanics*
- Maintain __ __ of __
- Bend from __ and __ to get close to object.
- Use __ muscles: __, __, ___ and __.
- Use __ of body to help ___/___.
- Carry heavy objects __.
- Avoid ___ body; __- whole body when changing direction.
- Avoid __ for __ __.
- Get help if object is __ ___.
- broad base of support 8-10inch
- hips/knees
- strongest/shoulders,arms,hips,thighs,
- weight/ push/pull
- close
- twisting/turn
- bending/long periods
- too heavy
Physical Health & Factors Affecting Mobility: Lifestyle & Habitat
- __ it or __ it
- Balanced approach to ___ and good __.
- ___ ___ = regular __ __ mins/ 3xweek
- Move it or lose it -
- Balanced approach to exercise and good nutrition
- Optimal conditioning = regular exercise 30 mins /3 X’s week
Physical Health & Factors Affecting Mobility: Intact Musculoskeletal System
- Requires adequate what? 3
- Nutrition: What nutrition is needed?
- ____ movement
- What 3 things cause limitation?
- What is De-mineralization
- Adequate muscle tone, mass, strength, full ROM
- Nutrition: calcium, phosphorus and Vitamin B for bone strength
- Joint movement
- Trauma, Joint disease, Pain = limitations
- Demineralization ( osteoporosis) increase risk of fracture
Physical Health & Factors Affecting Mobility: Nervous System Control**
- What causes loss of mobility & give examples
- paraplegia, quadriplegia is impairment of what?
- What infections effect the nervous system control?
- Disease that effect normal CNS pathways = loss of mobility
Parkinson, Brain tumors, paralysis, Stroke, - Impairment of brain or spinal cord = paraplegia, quadriplegia
- Infectious process – meningitis, encephalitis
Physical Health & Factors Affecting Mobility: Circulation and Oxygenation
What diseases and intolerance limit oxygenation of tissues
Diseases that limit oxygenation of tissues
Cardiovascular, peripheral vascular diseases, respiratory conditions, anemia
Activity Intolerance
Factors Affecting Mobility
Name and Give examples
- Energy
Depletion of nutritional energy stores : Cancer , chronic illness, malnutrition - Congenital Problems
Cerebral palsy, Spina Bifida, muscular dystrophies , scoliosis - Affective Disorders:
Decreased energy or desire to be active mental fatigue ,
Evident in how they appear - slump shoulders, slow gait
Depression , catatonic states - Therapeutic Modalities,
Bedrest = Complete including restricting bathroom privileges or Modified that allows bathroom privileges
Casts, braces, traction
