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Science 8 > Unit #9 Compounds and Molecules > Flashcards

Unit #9 Compounds and Molecules Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the smallest unit of an element?

A

An atom

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2
Q

What is matter made up of only one type of atom?

A

An element

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3
Q

What is a compound?

A

Two or more elements chemically combined

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4
Q

What is a molecule?

A

The smallest unit of a compound

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5
Q

What is a chemical bond?

A

A bond that holds two atoms together in a compound

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6
Q

What is a chemical formula?

A

Explains the type and number of elements in a compound

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7
Q

What is an ionic bond?

A

A chemical bond that occurs when one atom gives an electron to another atom

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8
Q

What is a covalent bond?

A

A chemical bond that occurs when two atoms share an electron

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9
Q

What is a valence electron?

A

An electron in the outer shell of an atom

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10
Q

What is an ion?

A

A charged atom that has gained or lost electrons

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11
Q

What is a cation?

A

An atom with a positive charge

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12
Q

What is a positive ion (cation)?

A

When an atom loses one or more electrons

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13
Q

What is a negative ion (anion)?

A

When an atom gains one or more electrons

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14
Q

What is the chemical formula for water?

A

H20

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15
Q

What is the chemical formula for Carbon Dioxide?

A

CO2

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16
Q

What is C6H12O6?

A

Sugar (Glucose)

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17
Q

What is the chemical formula for stomach acid?

A

HCl (Hydrogen Chloride)

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18
Q

What is the chemical formula Limestone (Calcium Carbonate)?

A

CaCO3

19
Q

What is the chemical formula for rust (Di-iron Tri-Oxide)?

A

Fe2O3

20
Q

What is the chemical formula for table salt (Sodium Chloride)?

A

NaCl

21
Q

What is the chemical formula for sand (Silicon Dioxide)?

A

SiO2

22
Q

What do atoms lose or gain electrons?

A

To become stable (fill their outer electron shell).

23
Q

Why are Na and Cl very unstable?

A

Because their outer electron shells are not completely full

24
Q

What do elements like Na and Cl combine?

A

To make stable compounds by filling their outer shells

25
Q

How many atoms are in H20?

A

3 atoms

26
Q

How many atoms are in Ca(OH)2?

A

5 atoms

27
Q

What is a diatomic molecule?

A

Occurs when two atoms of the same element bond together

28
Q

Give examples of diatomic gases.

A

H2, O2, and N2

29
Q

What planet contains a great amount of iron dioxide?

A

The surface of Mars

30
Q

What is a mixture?

A

Two or more different substances which are mixed but are not combined chemically

31
Q

Give an example of a mixture.

A

Tap Water

32
Q

What is salt water?

A

A solution containing NaCl + H2O

33
Q

Give an example of a Covalent Bond.

A

H2O

34
Q

Give an example of a Ionic Bond.

A

NaCl

35
Q

What is a mixture?

A

Two or more elements that are mixed together but not chemically combined

36
Q

What is the compound found in sand, dirt, and rocks?

A

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

37
Q

What is the compound that humans often eat to obtain energy?

A

Glucose (C6H12O6)

38
Q

What is electrolysis?

A

When electricity is used to separate compounds

39
Q

What gas is very explosive and not used in blimps today?

A

Hydrogen Gas

40
Q

Name some physical properties.

A

Size, color, and luster

41
Q

What are the noble gases?

A

Very stable elements (Helium and Neon)?

42
Q

Is the state of a substance (solid, liquid, or gas) a physical or chemical property?

A

Physical property

43
Q

What happens if a Mg atom loses two electrons?

A

It becomes a Mg+2 ion.

44
Q

What makes up air on Earth?

A

A mixture of N2, O2, and several other gases

Science 8 (2 decks)

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