Unit 8B Terms List

Question 1

banned formal prayer in schools, government would not make any religion the ‘official’ religion

Answer 1

Engel v. vitale

Question 2

1964 Congressional resolution authorizing President Johnson to take military action in Vietnam

Answer 2

Gulf of Tonkin Resolution

Question 3

A coalition that fought for Indian rights guaranteed by treaties(broken by the U.S. government many, many times over) and better conditions and opportunities for American Indians

Answer 3

American Indian Movement (AIM)

Question 4

used nonviolent protest and boycott to achieve better working conditions for farmers (esp. Mexican-Americans)

Answer 4

Cesar Chavez & United Farm Workers

Question 5

In New York City, 1969 - Triggered activist protests among gays and lesbians - police raided gay bar - people fought back - became symbol of oppression of gays, began the gay pride movement

Answer 5

Stonewall Riot

Question 6

written by a journalist and mother of three children; described the problems of middle-class American women and the fact that women were being denied equality with men; said that women were kept from reaching their full human capacities

Answer 6

Betty Friedan’s The Feminine Mystique

Question 7

organization formed to work for economic and legal rights of women; demanded equality in educational and job opportunities, wages, and political representation; creation of childcare facilities; wanted Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) to enforce its legal mandate to end sex discrimination

Answer 7

National Organization of Women (NOW)

Question 8

constitutional amendment passed by Congress but never ratified that would have banned discrimination on the basis of gender

Answer 8

Equal Rights Amendment (ERA)

Question 9

Great Society programs to have the government provide medical aid to the elderly and the poor

Answer 9

Medicare & Medicaid

Question 10

A federally funded early-childhood intervention program for low-income children of preschool age

Answer 10

Head Start

Question 11

Federal legislation requiring employers to check job applicants’ papers to be sure they are either U.S. citizens or aliens authorized to work in the U.S

Answer 11

Immigration Reform Act 1965

Question 12

Supreme Court held that criminal suspects must be informed of their right to consult with an attorney and of their right against self-incrimination prior to questioning by police

Answer 12

Miranda v. Arizona

Question 13

1968; National Liberation Front and North Vietnamese forces launched a huge attack on the Vietnamese New Year, which was defeated after a month of fighting and many thousands of casualties; major defeat for communism, but Americans reacted sharply, with declining approval of LBJ and more anti-war sentiment

Answer 13

Tet Offensive

Question 14

A phrase used to describe people, whatever their economic status, who uphold traditional values, especially against the counterculture of the 1960s

Answer 14

Silent Majority

Question 15

Students protested against limits on passing out of literature —> questioned university & society that created it and this signaled the beginning of numerous campus protests: People’s Park protest was the longest campus protest

Answer 15

Free Speech Movement

Question 16

A culture with lifestyles and values opposed to those of the established culture

Answer 16

Counterculture

Question 17

A war policy in Vietnam initiated by Nixon in June of 1969. This strategy called for dramatic reduction of U.S. troops followed by an increased injection of S. Vietnamese troops in their place

Answer 17

Vietnamization

Question 18

An Ohio university where National Guardsmen opened fire on students protesting the Vietnam War on May 4, 1970, wounding nine and killing four

Answer 18

Kent State