Unit 8 Vocab Quiz

Question 1

Cold War

Answer 1

an ongoing political rivalry between the United States and the Soviet Union and their respective allies that developed after World War II.

Question 2

United Nations

Answer 2

maintaining international peace and security, developing friendly relations among nations and promoting social progress, better living standards and human rights.

Question 3

Iron Curtain

Answer 3

The Iron Curtain specifically refers to the imaginary line dividing Europe between Soviet influence and Western influence, and symbolizes efforts by the Soviet Union to block itself and its satellite states from open contact with the West and non-Soviet-controlled areas.

Question 4

Containment policy

Answer 4

Policy introduced by Truman after WWII that said the duty of the U.S. was to stop the spread of Communism and Soviet influence

Question 5

Truman Doctrine

Answer 5

First established in 1947 after Britain no longer could afford to provide anti-communist aid to Greece and Turkey, it pledged to provide U.S. military and economic aid to any nation threatened by communism.

Question 6

Marshall Plan

Answer 6

Introduced by Secretary of State George G. Marshall in 1947, he proposed massive and systematic American economic aid to Europe to revitalize the European economies after WWII and help prevent the spread of Communism.

Question 7

Berlin Airlift

Answer 7

Joint effort by the US and Britian to fly food and supplies into West Berlin after the Soviet blocked off all ground routes into the city

Question 8

North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)

Answer 8

In 1949, the United States, Canada, and ten European nations formed this military mutual-defense pact. In 1955, the Soviet Union countered NATO with the formation of the Warsaw Pact, a military alliance among those nations within its own sphere of influence.

Question 9

Warsaw Pact

Answer 9

he Soviet Union countered NATO with the formation of the Warsaw Pact, a military alliance among those nations within its own sphere of influence.

Question 10

National Security Act

Answer 10

Passed in 1947 in response to perceived threats from the Soviet Union after WWII. It established the Department of Defense and the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) and National Security Council.

Question 11

NSC-68

Answer 11

he only plausible way to deter the Soviet Union was for President Harry Truman to support a massive build-up of both conventional and nuclear arms.

Question 12

Sputnik

Answer 12

First artificial Earth satellite, it was launched by Moscow in 1957 and sparked U.S. fears of Soviet dominance in technology and outer space. It led to the creation of NASA and the space race.

Question 13

Military-industrial complex

Answer 13

Eisenhower first coined this phrase when he warned American against it in his last State of the Union Address. He feared that the combined lobbying efforts of the armed services and industries that contracted with the military would lead to excessive Congressional spending.

Question 14

Bay of Pigs

Answer 14

An unsuccessful invasion of Cuba in 1961, which was sponsored by the United States. Its purpose was to overthrow Cuban dictator Fidel Castro.

Question 15

Cuban Missile crisis

Answer 15

A confrontation between the United States and the Soviet Union in 1962 over the presence of missile sites in Cuba

Question 16

GI Bill

Answer 16

Provided for college or vocational training for returning WWII veterens as well as one year of unemployment compensation. Also provided for loans for returning veterens to buy homes and start businesses.

Question 17

22nd amendment

Answer 17

Passed in 1951, the amendment that limits presidents to two terms of office.

Question 18

domino theory

Answer 18

the idea that if a nation falls under communist control, nearby nations will also fall under communist control

Question 19

OPEC; oil embargo

Answer 19

the arab members of this organization placed this on oil sold to israel’s supporters; it caused a worldwide oil shortage and long lines at gas stations in the US

Question 20

Eisenhower Doctrine

Answer 20

Eisenhower proposed and obtained a joint resolution from Congress authorizing the use of U.S. military forces to intervene in any country that appeared likely to fall to communism. Used in the Middle East.

Question 21

Great Society

Answer 21

President Johnson called his version of the Democratic reform program this. In 1965, Congress passed many of its measures, including Medicare, civil rights legislation, and federal aid to education.

Question 22

Medicare; Medicaid

Answer 22

Great Society programs to have the government provide medical aid to the elderly and the poor

Question 23

Civil Rights Act of 1964

Answer 23

made racial, religious, and sex discrimination by employers illegal and gave the government the power to enforce all laws governing civil rights, including desegregation of schools and public places.

Question 24

Voting Rights Act of 1965

Answer 24

a law designed to help end formal and informal barriers to African American suffrage. Under the law, hundreds of thousands of African Americans were registered, and the number of African American elected officials increased dramatically.

Question 25

Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka

Answer 25

1954 supreme court ruling reversing the policy of segregation, declaring that seperate can never be equal and a year later ordered the integration of all public schools with all deliberate speed, society became less racist

Question 26

Equal Rights Amendment

Answer 26

Supported by the National Organization for Women, this amendment would prevent all gender-based discrimination practices. However, it never passed the ratification process.

Question 27

House Un-American Activities Committee

Answer 27

congressional committee formed in the 1930s to investigate perceived threats to democracy; in the 1940s, the committee laid foundation for the Red Scare as it investigated allegations of Communist subversion in Hollywood and pursued Alger Hiss.

Question 27

counterculture

Answer 27

Young americans in 60s who rejected conventional customs & mainstream culture

Question 27

Title IX

Answer 27

prohibits discrimination on the basis of sex in education programs and activities.