Unit 8 Study Guide Flashcards
How did the Missouri Compromise challenge US law about slavery?
The Missouri Compromise of 1820, challenged US law about slavery by admitting Missouri as a slave state and Maine as a free state, while also prohibiting slavery in the remaining Louisiana Purchase territory north of the 36°30′ parallel.
What were the effects of the Missouri Compromise?
The Missouri Compromise lengthened sectional tensions, paradoxically, paved way for the Civil War by temporarily balancing free and slave states, and overall failed to address the issues of slavery and its expansion.
Define the 36”30’ parallel and its significance.
The 36°30’ parallel is a circle of latitude, 36.5 degrees north of the Earth’s equator and it was used to divide the Louisiana Purchase territory into slave and free states, with slavery allowed south of the line and prohibited north of it (except for Missouri).
What aspects of the Compromise of 1850 were a compromise?
- admission of California as a free state
- the Fugitive Slave Act
- the abolition of the slave trade in Washington, D.C.,
- the establishment of Utah and New Mexico
Define the Fugitive Slave Law and its purpose.
The Fugitive Slave Law promised the return of escaped enslaved people to their owners, even if they were in free states, and imposed penalties on those who aided fugitives. Their purpose was to enforce the Fugitive Slave Clause of the Constitution and maintain the institution of slavery.
What was the purpose of Uncle Tom’s Cabin?
The purpose of Uncle Tom’s Cabin was to expose the horrors of slavery and gain public opinion against it, ultimately fueling the abolitionist movement and contributing to the Civil War
Define the raid on Harper’s Ferry and John Brown’s role.
The Harpers Ferry Raid, led by abolitionist John Brown on October 16-18, 1859, involved Brown and his followers seizing the federal armory at Harpers Ferry, Virginia (now West Virginia), with the goal of sparking a slave revolt and ending slavery.
Why is the election of 1860 significant?
Lincoln’s election in 1860 as the first Republican president served as the main reason for Southern secession and consequently the Civil War.
How are the Confederate States of America formed?
The Confederate States of America was formed in February 1861, when seven Southern states seceded from the United States, driven by concerns over states’ rights and the perceived threat to slavery, and convened in Montgomery, Alabama to create a new government.
What happened at Fort Sumter and why is it significant?
The bombardment of Fort Sumter on April 12, 1861, by Confederate forces marked the beginning of the American Civil War, as the Union-held fort surrendered after 34 hours of fighting.
How are Kansas/Nebraska,
Missouri Compromise,
Popular Sovereignty,
Dred Scott Case, and Supreme court decisions all related?
These terms are all related because they all address the question of slavery and how it should be addressed as new states are added through the process of westward expansion.
What was the Kansas/Nebraska Act?
- overturned the Missouri Compromise because it allowed popular sovereignty
- Called for the division of the Nebraska territory into two parts, the Kansas territory and Nebraska territory
What’s popular sovereignty?
Popular sovereignty allowed settlers in the new territories to decide whether the new states would be a free or slave state
What’s the Dred Scott Case?
Dred Scott, an enslaved man, sued for his freedom, arguing that his residence in free territories made him free however the Supreme Court declared all western states open to slavery and decided AA were not allowed to testify in court.
Who is General Lee?
General Lee was a Confederate general during the American Civil War (1861–1865).
Which side did General Lee fight for and why?
General Lee fought on the Confederates side because of his loyalty to his home state of Virginia, which seceded from the Union, and he chose to defend his state rather than fight against it.
What happened at the Battle of Bull Run? Why was it important?
The First Battle of Bull Run, was the first major land battle of the Civil War, resulting in a Confederate victory on July 21, 1861, and demonstrated to both sides that the conflict would be long and bloody.
What is the Anaconda Plan? What were the strategies?
The Anaconda Plan, a strategy proposed by General Winfield Scott for the Union to defeat the Confederacy during the Civil War, aimed to “strangle” the South by blockading its ports, controlling the Mississippi River, and eventually encircling the Confederacy with land and naval forces.
Who is Clara Barton and how is she significant in the war?
Clara Barton was a nurse for the Union who provided vital care on the battlefield and later founded the American Red Cross.
Who is Harriet Tubman and how is she significant in the war?
Harriet Tubman was a conductor on the Underground Railroad and a spy for the Union.
Who is Rose Greenhow and how is she significant in the war?
Rose Greenhow was a Confederate spy who provided intelligence to the Confederacy.
What is the Emancipation Proclamation? Why is it important?
The Emancipation Proclamation, issued by President Lincoln on January 1, 1863, declared that enslaved people in Confederate states were free, it didn’t end slavery nationwide however it transformed the Civil War into a fight for abolition and also allowing freed slaves to join the Union army.
What is the Battle of Gettysburg? Why is it important?
The Battle of Gettysburg was fought July 1–3, 1863, in and around the town of Gettysburg, Pennsylvania. The battle involved the largest number of casualties of the entire war and is often described as the war’s turning point and prevented the Confederacy from achieving a decisive victory.
What did African Americans risk by being Union Soldiers?
The African Americans risked death and enslavement if captured by being Union Soldiers.
