Unit 8 Practice Test Flashcards
____ Reasoning starts with a premises, gives a specific situation, and arrives a conclusion based on the premise in the situation
Deductive
In a persuasive text, the claim or statement of opinion is called the ____
Proposition
A(n) _____ Is a persuasive technique used to convince an audience
Rhetorical appeal
Reasoning that begins with specific facts, and uses them to formulate a general, probable conclusion is ________ Reasoning 
Inductive
Persuasive text discuss ________ Issues ones for which there are strong viewpoints for and against 
 Controversial
The act of convincing people by influencing their intellect emotions, or sense of ethics is called ____________
Persuasion 
An ____ is an explanation that states an opinion about an issue, the reasons for holding that opinion, and the evidence that supports those reasons.
argument
A ____ is a misleading statement that contains an error in reasoning.
Fallacy
An argument against the opposing viewpoint is called a ____.
counterargument
In which genre is persuasive writing?
Nonfiction
Which of these is an appeal to the emotions of the audience?
pathos
What is a rhetorical question?
a question that is asked to make a point and is not intended to be answered
Which rhetorical appeal uses logical reasoning to appeal to the audience’s intellect?
logos
If a speaker emphasizes his credibility, authority, or experience in an attempt to persuade the audience, he is using which rhetorical appeal?
ethos
What is anecdote?
a brief story used to convey a truth, emphasize a point, or appeal to the audience’s emotions
In his 1941 State of Union Address, Roosevelt says, “As men do not live by bread alone, they do not fight by armament alone.” This statement is an example of which rhetorical device?
analogy
In his Second Inaugural Address, Abraham Lincoln says that both the Union and the Confederacy “deprecated war.” What does deprecate mean
disapprove of
In his Second Inaugural Address, Lincoln calls the Civil War a scourge. What is a scourge?
curse or punishment
What does Insurgent mean
Rebellious
In his Second Inaugural Address, when Lincoln calls on his audience to “bind up that nation’s wounds,” which literary or rhetorical device does he use?
figurative language
In his Second Inaugural Address, Lincoln places the blame for the Civil War on whom?
The north and south
Which of these causes an argument to be logically unsound?
fallacy
Which of these famous speeches explains four basic freedoms and presents the argument that Americans should support the cause of freedom everywhere in the world?
Franklin D. Roosevelt’s 1941 State of Union Address
Ad hominem
an attack on a person’s character or reputation
appeal to false authority
Occurs when a person is referred to as an authority, but he or she has no expert knowledge in that field
hasty generalization
drawing a conclusion based on too small a population sample
non sequitur
conclusion that does not logically follow an explanation given
red herring
an attempt to avoid an issue by bringing up an irrelevant topic
slippery slope
an argument that if one thing occurs, a chain of events will inevitably follow, leading to an undesirable outcome that cannot be avoided
straw man
misrepresenting another person’s argument, making it easier to attack
