unit 8 - impacts of digital technology Flashcards
what are mobile technologies?
- older mobile phones
- smartphones
- tablets
- laptops
what are the benefit of mobile technologies?
- they’re useful in an emergency
- devices allow people to work whilst travelling
what is internet addiction and what causes this?
- many users become addicted to social networks because they are constantly available via mobile devices
- software is designed with features that makes people want to use it more `
why are people becoming more anti-social due to mobile technologies?
- people spend a large time talking to friends online but not enough in real life ⇒ this leads to social difficulties and an inability to understand social cues and subtle facial experiences
what are autonomous vehicles?
fully automated vehicles that replace the need for a driver
what are the advantages of autonomous vehicles?
- reduces the cost for commercial vehicles as no need for a driver
- no need to own a car, as cars can move themselves to different people - reduces total number of cars
- potentially safer as computers can react faster and learn from all previous accidents worldwide
what are the advantages of autonomous vehicles?
- ethical questions - if an accident occurs, whose fault is it?
- many who drive for a living will lose their jobs
what is an example of autonomous vehicles in use?
amazon fulfilment:
- amazon have warehouses with all their products
- autonomous robots move products on shelves => makes finding and picking products more efficient
how are computers used healthcare?
- in the form of health apps which offers long-term, continous monitoring => helps manage diabetes, epilepsy etc
what are some examples of wireless technology?
- VR headsets
- exoskeletons to allow people to work safely or to aid them in strenuous work
how are computer based implants used in healthcare?
- pacemakers control ireegular heart rhythm
- cochlear implants restore hearing for deaf people
- brain implants linked to exoskeletons to help people walk
how has wireless networking impacted us?
- they allow very fast mobile broadband that is co parable to wired internet connections => 4G, 5G and wifi
what is the digital divide and who does it often impact?
- the difference between those who have technology and those who don’t have access to technology, especially regarding: internet connection speed, mobile phone signal and a 4G signal
- often affects the elderly, those in poverty and rural areas
how has wireless networking helped those who work remotely?
- allows them to work wherever they want and whenever they want
- its much cheaper and easier than a wired network
what is the lifecycle of a smartphone?
1) mining for raw materials
2) manufacture
3) purchase and use
4) recycling centre
5) reprocessing plant
what environmental damage can the process of making a smartphone have?
- mining raw materials leads to contamination and erosion
- plastics damage the environment if not recycled
- gas and coal are needed to power factories => non-renewable
- diesel is needed to transport raw materials, parts and the final product
why does technology have such a large environmental impact?
all devices contain non-renewable resources (like plastic, steel, aluminium and copper) that are non-renewable
what is e-waste?
discarded electronic appliances such as mobile phones, computers, and televisions.
what are the problems with lithium batteries when recycling?
they need to be taken apart carefully because they could easily explode and cause a devastating fire
what is an example of ways that tech can improve to lessen e-waste?
fairphone:
- modular phone designed so that the user can replace the parts in it => changeable rear camera and battery
- phone lasts longer and creates less waste
what are the advantages of fairphone?
- designed for easy use and to be long lasting
- responsibly sourced materials
- good working comditions for people who make the phone
what is cloud storage?
- date stored in data centres which are connected to the internet
- data can be accessed from any device, anywhere where internet is available
what are the advantages of cloud storage?
- large quantity of storage available
- data/files can be easily shared with others
- reduced need/cost for secondary storage on each device
what are the disadvantages of cloud storage?
- security risks - must be able to trust the cloud provider
- reliable/ fast internet connection required
- data privacy issues
- lots of energy/natural resources required to run data centres
what are the impacts of e-waste on the environment?
- harmful to humans and the environment if not processed correctly
- lithium batteries can catch fire and may be hard to recover
- if components cost too much they go into landfill
- mining materials damages the environment
how can we reduces the impact of e-waste?
- make devices that can be fixed with modular components
- use removable batteries
- use modern recycling facilities
what is the 2018 data protection act?
- looking after the personal data of people under GDPR
what are the rules of data collection>
organisations that collect personal data must do so only:
- only collect the data for a specific purpose
- make sure the data is accurate
- data that isn’t necessary may not be collected
how can companies collect data?
data collection sources:
- third parties
- cookies - they track users as they browse websites
- paper registration forms
- CCTV
- viewing habits with streaming services
what are the six reasons for lawful data processing?
- consent - a person has agreed to their data being used
- contract - needed for a contract
- legal obligation - required to meet the law
- vital interests - needed to protect someone’s life
- public task - for performing an official task
- legitimate interests - clear benefit to the user or company
why must data be stored?
- so it is kept accurate and up to date
- it is not kept any longer than necessary
- it cannot be transferred
- customers can be informed of a data breach
- so the data is protected from unauthorised access
what are the methods of securing data?
- using passwords
- encryption
- access rights
- two factor authentication
what are the rights regarding the 2018 data protection act?
- to be able to view the data stored about you by an organisation
- you must consent to have marketing sent to you
- right to withdraw consent from mailing lists
- right to make changes to data if it is inaccurate
- right to delete your personal data
what are the penalties for not following the data protection act?
- warnings issued to organisation
- order for organisation to comply
- fines of up to 20 mil or 4% of the company turnover
what kind of things cause privacy issues?
- specific data being collected and stored everytime you visit a website or make a call
what do cookies do?
they are sent to a user’s computer from websites
they allow websites to:
- store personal data
- rememeber that you are logged into a website
- track you
- targeting advertising to you
what did the 1990 computer misuse act do?
made the following acts an offence:
- unauthorised accessed to computer material
- unauthorised access with intent to commit or facilitate a crime
- unauthorised modification of software or data
- making, supplying or obtaining anything that can be used to computer misuse offences
what is the punishment for committing any of the offences in the 1990 computer misuse act?
10 years in prison and a fine
what is unauthorised access?
where a person gains access to a computer system without permission eg. a hacker
what are examples of unauthorised modification?
- deleting another user’s files
- changing thr contents of a document
- altering the contents of webpages
- rewriting computer programs
which act protects copyrights and patents?
copyright, designs and patents act 1988
what does copyright do?
- protects books, video, music and software
- lasts 70 years after the author’s death or publication
- lets them decide how their work should be used
what is a patent?
- covers inventions
- prevents anyone else using the invention for 20 years
what is the penalty for a copyright infringement?
fines and up to 10 years in prison
how can you prevent copyright?
- licence keys, activation keys and serial numbers
- holograms on products
- online registration or activation prevents software from working if a licence hasn’t been purchased
- hard to copy from cloud as the software is accessible only within the companies servers
