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computing > unit 8 - impacts of digital technology > Flashcards

unit 8 - impacts of digital technology Flashcards

1
Q

what are mobile technologies?

A
  • older mobile phones
  • smartphones
  • tablets
  • laptops
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2
Q

what are the benefit of mobile technologies?

A
  • they’re useful in an emergency
  • devices allow people to work whilst travelling
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3
Q

what is internet addiction and what causes this?

A
  • many users become addicted to social networks because they are constantly available via mobile devices
  • software is designed with features that makes people want to use it more `
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4
Q

why are people becoming more anti-social due to mobile technologies?

A
  • people spend a large time talking to friends online but not enough in real life ⇒ this leads to social difficulties and an inability to understand social cues and subtle facial experiences
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5
Q

what are autonomous vehicles?

A

fully automated vehicles that replace the need for a driver

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6
Q

what are the advantages of autonomous vehicles?

A
  • reduces the cost for commercial vehicles as no need for a driver
  • no need to own a car, as cars can move themselves to different people - reduces total number of cars
  • potentially safer as computers can react faster and learn from all previous accidents worldwide
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7
Q

what are the advantages of autonomous vehicles?

A
  • ethical questions - if an accident occurs, whose fault is it?
  • many who drive for a living will lose their jobs
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8
Q

what is an example of autonomous vehicles in use?

A

amazon fulfilment:
- amazon have warehouses with all their products
- autonomous robots move products on shelves => makes finding and picking products more efficient

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9
Q

how are computers used healthcare?

A
  • in the form of health apps which offers long-term, continous monitoring => helps manage diabetes, epilepsy etc
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10
Q

what are some examples of wireless technology?

A
  • VR headsets
  • exoskeletons to allow people to work safely or to aid them in strenuous work
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11
Q

how are computer based implants used in healthcare?

A
  • pacemakers control ireegular heart rhythm
  • cochlear implants restore hearing for deaf people
  • brain implants linked to exoskeletons to help people walk
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12
Q

how has wireless networking impacted us?

A
  • they allow very fast mobile broadband that is co parable to wired internet connections => 4G, 5G and wifi
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13
Q

what is the digital divide and who does it often impact?

A
  • the difference between those who have technology and those who don’t have access to technology, especially regarding: internet connection speed, mobile phone signal and a 4G signal
  • often affects the elderly, those in poverty and rural areas
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14
Q

how has wireless networking helped those who work remotely?

A
  • allows them to work wherever they want and whenever they want
  • its much cheaper and easier than a wired network
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15
Q

what is the lifecycle of a smartphone?

A

1) mining for raw materials
2) manufacture
3) purchase and use
4) recycling centre
5) reprocessing plant

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16
Q

what environmental damage can the process of making a smartphone have?

A
  • mining raw materials leads to contamination and erosion
  • plastics damage the environment if not recycled
  • gas and coal are needed to power factories => non-renewable
  • diesel is needed to transport raw materials, parts and the final product
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17
Q

why does technology have such a large environmental impact?

A

all devices contain non-renewable resources (like plastic, steel, aluminium and copper) that are non-renewable

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18
Q

what is e-waste?

A

discarded electronic appliances such as mobile phones, computers, and televisions.

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19
Q

what are the problems with lithium batteries when recycling?

A

they need to be taken apart carefully because they could easily explode and cause a devastating fire

20
Q

what is an example of ways that tech can improve to lessen e-waste?

A

fairphone:
- modular phone designed so that the user can replace the parts in it => changeable rear camera and battery
- phone lasts longer and creates less waste

21
Q

what are the advantages of fairphone?

A
  • designed for easy use and to be long lasting
  • responsibly sourced materials
  • good working comditions for people who make the phone
22
Q

what is cloud storage?

A
  • date stored in data centres which are connected to the internet
  • data can be accessed from any device, anywhere where internet is available
23
Q

what are the advantages of cloud storage?

A
  • large quantity of storage available
  • data/files can be easily shared with others
  • reduced need/cost for secondary storage on each device
24
Q

what are the disadvantages of cloud storage?

A
  • security risks - must be able to trust the cloud provider
  • reliable/ fast internet connection required
  • data privacy issues
  • lots of energy/natural resources required to run data centres
25
Q

what are the impacts of e-waste on the environment?

A
  • harmful to humans and the environment if not processed correctly
  • lithium batteries can catch fire and may be hard to recover
  • if components cost too much they go into landfill
  • mining materials damages the environment
26
Q

how can we reduces the impact of e-waste?

A
  • make devices that can be fixed with modular components
  • use removable batteries
  • use modern recycling facilities
27
Q

what is the 2018 data protection act?

A
  • looking after the personal data of people under GDPR
28
Q

what are the rules of data collection>

A

organisations that collect personal data must do so only:
- only collect the data for a specific purpose
- make sure the data is accurate
- data that isn’t necessary may not be collected

29
Q

how can companies collect data?

A

data collection sources:
- third parties
- cookies - they track users as they browse websites
- paper registration forms
- CCTV
- viewing habits with streaming services

30
Q

what are the six reasons for lawful data processing?

A
  • consent - a person has agreed to their data being used
  • contract - needed for a contract
  • legal obligation - required to meet the law
  • vital interests - needed to protect someone’s life
  • public task - for performing an official task
  • legitimate interests - clear benefit to the user or company
31
Q

why must data be stored?

A
  • so it is kept accurate and up to date
  • it is not kept any longer than necessary
  • it cannot be transferred
  • customers can be informed of a data breach
  • so the data is protected from unauthorised access
32
Q

what are the methods of securing data?

A
  • using passwords
  • encryption
  • access rights
  • two factor authentication
33
Q

what are the rights regarding the 2018 data protection act?

A
  • to be able to view the data stored about you by an organisation
  • you must consent to have marketing sent to you
  • right to withdraw consent from mailing lists
  • right to make changes to data if it is inaccurate
  • right to delete your personal data
34
Q

what are the penalties for not following the data protection act?

A
  • warnings issued to organisation
  • order for organisation to comply
  • fines of up to 20 mil or 4% of the company turnover
35
Q

what kind of things cause privacy issues?

A
  • specific data being collected and stored everytime you visit a website or make a call
36
Q

what do cookies do?

A

they are sent to a user’s computer from websites
they allow websites to:
- store personal data
- rememeber that you are logged into a website
- track you
- targeting advertising to you

37
Q

what did the 1990 computer misuse act do?

A

made the following acts an offence:
- unauthorised accessed to computer material
- unauthorised access with intent to commit or facilitate a crime
- unauthorised modification of software or data
- making, supplying or obtaining anything that can be used to computer misuse offences

38
Q

what is the punishment for committing any of the offences in the 1990 computer misuse act?

A

10 years in prison and a fine

39
Q

what is unauthorised access?

A

where a person gains access to a computer system without permission eg. a hacker

40
Q

what are examples of unauthorised modification?

A
  • deleting another user’s files
  • changing thr contents of a document
  • altering the contents of webpages
  • rewriting computer programs
41
Q

which act protects copyrights and patents?

A

copyright, designs and patents act 1988

42
Q

what does copyright do?

A
  • protects books, video, music and software
  • lasts 70 years after the author’s death or publication
  • lets them decide how their work should be used
43
Q

what is a patent?

A
  • covers inventions
  • prevents anyone else using the invention for 20 years
44
Q

what is the penalty for a copyright infringement?

A

fines and up to 10 years in prison

45
Q

how can you prevent copyright?

A
  • licence keys, activation keys and serial numbers
  • holograms on products
  • online registration or activation prevents software from working if a licence hasn’t been purchased
  • hard to copy from cloud as the software is accessible only within the companies servers

computing (10 decks)

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