Unit 8 Defence, Default Judgment and relief from sanctions Flashcards
When may the claimant obtain default judgment?
If a defendant fails to file an acknowledgement of service within the period specified and does not file a defence of admission.
Can the court grant a remedy which is not specified on the claim form?
The court may grant any remedy to which the claimant is entitled even if that remedy is not specified in the claim form.
What 3 categories must the claimant choose from in outlining how much money he expects to recover on his claim form?
- The claimant must, in the claim form, state—
a. the amount of money claimed;
b. that the claimant expects to recover—
i. not more than £10,000;
ii. more than £10,000 but not more than £25,000; or
iii. more than £25,000; or
c. that the claimant cannot say how much is likely to be recovered.
On a PI claim form, what must the claimant indicate in terms of general damages?
- In a claim for personal injuries, the claimant must also state in the claim form whether the amount which the claimant expects to recover as general damages for pain, suffering and loss of amenity is—
a. not more than £1,000; or
b. more than £1,000.
On a Landlord/Tenant claim form, what additional damages information must be included?
(4)In a claim which includes a claim by a tenant of residential premises against a landlord where the tenant is seeking an order requiring the landlord to carry out repairs or other work to the premises, the claimant must also state in the claim form—
a. whether the estimated costs of those repairs or other work is—
I. not more than £1,000; or
II. more than £1,000; and
b. whether the value of any other claim for damages is:
I. not more than £1,000; or
II. more than £1,000.
What must a High Court claim form include?
(5) If the claim form is to be issued in the High Court it must, where this rule applies—
a. state that the claimant expects to recover more than £100,000;
b. state that some other enactment provides that the claim may be commenced only in the High Court and specify that enactment;
c. if the claim is a claim for personal injuries state that the claimant expects to recover £50,000 or more; or
d. state that the claim is to be in one of the specialist High Court lists and state which list.
When calculating how much he expects to recover, what must the claimant disregard?
(6)When calculating how much the claimant expects to recover, the claimant must disregard any possibility—
a. that the court may make an award of—
I. interest;
II. costs;
b. that the court may make a finding of contributory negligence;
c. that the defendant may make a counterclaim or that the defence may include a set-off; or
d. that the defendant may be liable to pay an amount of money which the court awards to the claimant to the Secretary of State for Social Security under section 6 of the Social Security (Recovery of Benefits) Act 1997.
Is the High Court limited to awarding damages to the amount on the claim form?
No. The statement of value in the claim form does not limit the power of the court to give judgment for the amount which it finds the claimant is entitled to.
If a claimant does not reply to a defence, are they taken to have admitted it?
(1)A claimant who does not file a reply to the defence shall not be taken to admit the matters raised in the defence.
(2)A claimant who—
a. files a reply to a defence; but
b. fails to deal with a matter raised in the defence,
shall be taken to require that matter to be proved.
Who may apply for a stay to be lifted?
Any party.
How long does a statement of case have to be to require a short summary?
More than 25 pages.
If exceptionally a statement of case exceeds 25 pages (excluding schedules) an appropriate short summary must also be filed and served.
What address must the claimant include on his claim form?
The claim form must include an address at which the claimant resides or carries on business. This paragraph applies even though the claimant’s address for service is the business address of his solicitor.
Where the defendant is an individual, the claimant should (if he is able to do so) include in the claim form an address at which the defendant resides or carries on business. This paragraph applies even though the defendant’s solicitors have agreed to accept service on the defendant’s behalf.
Address must include post codes.
If the claim form does not show a full address, including postcode, at which the claimant(s) and defendant(s) reside or carry on business, the claim form will be issued but will be retained by the court and will not be served until the claimant has supplied a full address, including postcode, or the court has dispensed with the requirement to do so. The court will notify the claimant.
What must a claimant be sure to include in a PI claim form? (4)
- The claimant’s date of birth, and
- brief details of the claimant’s personal injuries.
- The claimant must attach to his particulars of claim a schedule of details of any past and future expenses and losses which he claims.
- Where the claimant is relying on the evidence of a medical practitioner the claimant must attach to or serve with his particulars of claim a report from a medical practitioner about the personal injuries which he alleges in his claim.
If a claimant wishes to rely on a conviction as evidence, what must they include in their claim form? (3)
He must include a statement to that effect and give the following details:
• (1) the type of conviction, finding or adjudication and its date,
• (2) the court or Court-Martial which made the conviction, finding or adjudication, and
• (3) the issue in the claim to which it relates.
What matters must the claimant specifically set out in his particulars of claim where he wishes to rely on them in support of his claim? (8)
- any allegation of fraud,
- the fact of any illegality,
- details of any misrepresentation,
- details of all breaches of trust,
- notice or knowledge of a fact,
- details of unsoundness of mind or undue influence,
- details of wilful default, and
- any facts relating to a claim for mitigation expenditure.
What is default judgement?
“default judgment” means judgment without trial where a defendant—
a. has failed to file an acknowledgment of service; or
b. has failed to file a defence.
Can a claimant obtain default judgement where the part8 procedure is used?
No.
(nor on a claim for delivery of goods subject to an agreement regulated by the Consumer Credit Act 1974, or in any other case where a PD provides it is unavailable)
What conditions must be satisfied to obtain judgement in default of acknowledgement of service?
(1) The claimant may obtain judgment in default of an acknowledgment of service only if at the date on which judgment is entered—
a. the defendant has not filed an acknowledgment of service or a defence to the claim (or any part of the claim); and
b. the relevant time for doing so has expired.
What conditions must be satisfied to obtain judgement in default of defence?
(2)Judgment in default of defence may be obtained only—
a. where an acknowledgment of service has been filed but at the date on which judgment is entered a defence has not been filed;
b. in a counterclaim made under rule 20.4, where at the date on which judgment is entered a defence has not been filed,
and, in either case, the relevant time limit for doing so has expired.
In what circumstances may a claimant NOT obtain default judgment in qualifying proceedings (i.e. not part8) ?
The claimant may not obtain a default judgment if—
a. the defendant has applied—
I. to have the claimant’s statement of case struck out under rule 3.4; or
II. for summary judgment under Part 24,
and, in either case, that application has not been disposed of;
b. the defendant has satisfied the whole claim (including any claim for costs) on which the claimant is seeking judgment;
c. –
I. the claimant is seeking judgment on a claim for money; and
II. the defendant has filed or served on the claimant an admission under rule 14.4 or 14.7 (admission of liability to pay all of the money claimed) together with a request for time to pay; or
d. notice has been given under rule 82.21 of a person’s intention to make an application for a declaration under section 6 of the Justice and Security Act 2013 in relation to the proceedings, and that application has not been disposed of.
When the claim is for money, what effect does default judgment have?
(2) a default judgment on a claim for a specified amount of money obtained on the filing of a request, will be judgment for the amount of the claim (less any payments made) and costs—
a. to be paid by the date or at the rate specified in the request for judgment; or
b. if none is specified, immediately.
Where the claim is for the delivery of goods, what effect will the default judgment have?
(4) Where the claim is for delivery of goods and the claim form gives the defendant the alternative of paying their value, a default judgment obtained on the filing of a request will be judgment requiring the defendant to—
a. deliver the goods or (if he does not do so) pay the value of the goods as decided by the court (less any payments made); and
b. pay costs.
What CPR part is default judgement entered under?
12
When MUST the court set aside default judgement?
a. in the case of a judgment in default of an acknowledgment of service, any of the conditions was not satisfied;
b. in the case of a judgment in default of a defence, any of the conditions was not satisfied; or
c. the whole of the claim was satisfied before judgment was entered.