Unit 8

Question 1

Tehran Conference

Answer 1

Directed which power of the Big Three would gain power and focus on the recovery of after war situations.

The US and Western countries got Western Europe, while Russia gained some Polish Territory and was responsible of Eastern Europe.

Question 2

Yalta Conference

Answer 2

The US wanted free elections all over Europe, to which Russia wanted the opposite dominion. They had a vague agreement that Russia would aid the US against the Japan War, with slight performances of free elections.

Question 3

Potsdam Conference

Answer 3

A follow up session to the Yalta Conference. The US under Truman still wanted free elections, to which Russia refused, which began the Cold War.

Question 4

Rise of US and USSR as Major Powers

Answer 4

The Eastern European area was damaged in the World Wars, while the US was untouched, allowing it to grow their economy, government, and developments and rise as a superpower. The Russians in competition began creating similar developments, starting a race.

Question 5

Ideological Battle

Answer 5

Fought between the US and the USSR through propaganda, an arms race, espionage, and proxy wars.

Question 6

Iron Curtain

Answer 6

A metophorical term that refers to the ideological divide between the US and the Soviets. The US was democratic, had individual rights, and capitalists, while the USSR was communist and dictatorial.

Question 7

Satellite States

Answer 7

Smaller states that were influenced and controlled economically and politically by a greater power, often depending on them too.

Question 8

Military-Industrial Complex

Answer 8

The partnering of the government and the military arms producers

Question 9

USSR in Eastern Europe

Answer 9

They influenced all the countries in Eastern Europe to turn to communism, and economically benefited from them.

Question 10

Containment Policy

Answer 10

The US believed they needed to stop the spread of communism, which was coined by their diplomat George Kennan.

Question 11

Truman Doctrine

Answer 11

It was established by the US to provide military aid to the countries that were threatened by communism (ex. Greece and Turkey)

Question 12

World Revolution

Answer 12

The Soviets belief and end goal that communism would develop and take power of all global governmental and political systems.

Question 13

Marshall Plan

Answer 13

A plan that was created to give economic support to countries threatened by communism, based on the US’ belief that the more economically stable a country is, the less prone they are to communism.

Question 14

COMECON

Answer 14

It was the Russian version of the Marshall Plan, and ended up having a less great effect, and narrower scope.

Question 15

Mutual-Assured Destruction

Answer 15

Both the USSR and the US were competing in technology, and when they both developed intercontinental ballistic missiles, they knew both powers would be destroyed, which was MAD. They instead fought in indirect conflict through technological battle, and increasing military forces.

Question 16

United Nations

Answer 16

Was formed by the US, the UK, the USSR, and the Nationalist minority China, which was in response to the failure of NATO to suppress conflicts.

Question 17

Proxy War

Answer 17

When smaller countries fight at the influence of two or more other rival powers, in this case, often influence from US and the USSR

Question 18

Dividing Germany

Answer 18

Germany was eventually split into 4, with the Soviets in the East, and Western countries in the West. This was also how the capital Berlin was divided.

Question 19

Soviet Blockades

Answer 19

The Soviets blockaded Western Germany, so that the Western countries couldn’t interact with West Germany, but they were embarrassed after the airlift. They built the Berlin Wall to prevent East Germans from fleeing to West Germany.

Question 20

Berlin Airlift

Answer 20

The US and Western countries supplied supplies via aircraft that provided support to the people blocked by the Soviet blockade of West Germany.

Question 21

NATO

Answer 21

Was an alliance between western countries that promised support for each others’ allies during war, which was created after the Soviets began to set up communist governments in Eastern European countries.

Question 22

Warsaw Pact

Answer 22

The Soviet Union creates the Warsaw Pact in response to NATO, to unify the USSR-influenced Eastern European peoples under one army.

Question 23

Albania and Yugoslavia

Answer 23

Albania rejected the Warsaw Pact because they were more aligned with China, and Yugoslavia wanted independence from the Soviets.

Question 24

CENTO and SEATO

Answer 24

These were similar to NATO, but were created between outside countries. SEATO was made of Southeast Asian countries, and CENTO was made of Middle-Eastern countries.

Question 25

Korean War

Answer 25

• Korea was divided in the North (Communist) and the South (Not) after WW2
• The war began when Korea wanted to unify so they invaded
• The UN supported South Korea and the US gave support, while the Soviet Union could only send supplies
• The US was winning, until Communist China came in, which pushed the border back to where it was, causing the war to end in a stalemate

Question 26

North and South Vietnam

Answer 26

North Vietnam was communist, and invaded South Vietnam to reunify them, but the US supported South Vietnam’s unpopular Ngo Dinh Diem, who was Catholic suppressing Buddhists. The US then withdrew, and North Vietnam won.

Question 27

Viet Cong

Answer 27

They were the forces who supported North Vietnam, but lived in South Vietnam.