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apes > Unit 8 > Flashcards

Unit 8 Flashcards

1
Q

an endocrine disruptor

A

block the receptor protein binding site of a hormone

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2
Q

which could not diminish the side effects of eutrophication

A

adding nitrates

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3
Q

bioaccumulation is

A

the absorption of a substance at a rate greater than the rate of elimination

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4
Q

pullutants retained in tissues pose a risk to organisms high on the food chain because of

A

biomagnification

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5
Q

chemicals, such as PCB’s, which act as estrogen mimics, would have the greatest effect on

A

2nd consumers

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6
Q

why would releasing warm water into a lake in the winter cause a massive fish kill?

A

the increased metabolic rate cant be supported by the limited resources

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7
Q

which is not a toxic metal pollutant

A

potassium

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8
Q

the dangers of disposing toxic chemicals underground came to public attention in

A

love canal

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9
Q

a river near a dense human population is likely to have a high

A

frequency of phytoplankton blooms that decompose

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10
Q

although the use of DDT was banned in 1972, DDT is likely found in american citizens because

A

other countries that export produce to the US still use DDT

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11
Q

alligators in a florida lake polluted by high levels of dioxins (chlorinated hydrocarbons) had low testosterone levels and failed to reproduce, indicating that the dioxins acted as

A

endocrine disruptors

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12
Q

When nutrients are added to an aquatic environment, the biological oxygen demand ____ due to _____

A

increases, decomposition

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13
Q

endocrine disruptors directly affect which of the following in an organism

A

hormones

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14
Q

which aquatic organisms are able to tolerate low pH levels?

A

filamentous algae

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15
Q

what mandates the restoration and maintenance of the chemical, physical, and biological integrity of the nations rivers and lakes

A

clean water act

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16
Q

which law establishes cradle-to-grave tracking of hazardous waste?

A

resource conservation and recovery act

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17
Q

which of the following is the best example of environmental remediation?

A

PCB consuming bacteria are sprayed on an area that has soil contaminated with PCBs

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18
Q

eutrophication results in the death of trout and other fish as a result of ______ leves

A

oxygen

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19
Q

if you compared lake water sample results in the early morning to late afternoon, the water sampled later in the day will probably _____ and therefore have _____ dissolved oxygen

A

be warmer, lower

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20
Q

the health risk to humans who eat fish such as swordfish and tuna affects the _____ system

A

nervous

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21
Q

which is the best example of a point source of water pollution

A

factory effluent

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22
Q

which includes both a point and nonpoint source of pollution

A

fertilizer from suburban lawns and wastewater from a water treatment plant

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23
Q

which is a way to eliminate one of the greatest threats to the worlds mangroves

A

integrate ecologically sound shrimp aquacultural practices with mangrove management

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24
Q

which best describes a way that persistent organic pollutants cause harm

A

accumulating in fatty tissue

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25
Q

studies indicate that amphibian populations are declining from exposure to herbicides which

A

act as endocrine disruptors

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26
Q

which is the most likely route for mercury to enter the food web

A

coal-burning emmissions

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27
Q

when nitrates and phosphates flow into a body of water, the likely result is

A

eutrophication

28
Q

the use of nitrogen based fertilizers in the midwestern US is a major contributing factor to

A

hypoxia in the gulf of mexico

29
Q

which is not a method that is currently employed in the cleanup of oil spills

A

genetically engineered plants

30
Q

lakes that are characterized by high water clarity and low dissolved nutrients are classified as

A

oligotrophic

31
Q

which is not a threat to coral reef survival

A

increasing sea level rise

32
Q

a measure of the amount of suspended material in water is

A

turbidity

33
Q

which is a point source pollutant that would effect the ecosystem health of coral reef

A

oil from a shipwrecked tanker

34
Q

the water from a nuclear power plant which is released into a resevoir

A

reduces oxygen levels because of its temperature

35
Q

humans are exposed to dioxins directly from

A

bioaccumulation in animals

36
Q

which is not an ecosystem service provided by mangroves

A

wood for construction

37
Q

destruction of wetlands surrounding a river most likely

A

increased flooding frequency

38
Q

creating a new wetland to compensate for another that was subjected to development is

A

remediation

39
Q

which component of wastewater treatment enables decomposition of organic matter

A

chlorination tank

40
Q

increases in world air travel have caused an increase in

A

spread of infectious diseases

41
Q

incineration of which waste would reduce the landfill volume occupied and also produce energy while producing minimal air pollutants

A

wood

42
Q

about 60 percent of solid waste is organic and every person generates about 2kg of waste daily. how much compostable waste could be generated by one individual in one week

A

8.4 kg

43
Q

the bacteria species shown is equally likely to contaminate products which could reduce the chance of

A

salmonella

44
Q

drinking water standards allow bacteria in water at dosages up to 10% of. considering this, which statement would be best supported by the data in the graph

A

new bacterium as the lowest allowable dose

45
Q

which would result in the largest reduction in volume of municipal solid waste disposal of in landfills

A

composting programs for yard trimmings and food waste

46
Q

which federal law deals with the cleanup of abandoned hazardous waste sites

A

CERCLA superfund act

47
Q

tipping fees for landfills

A

help pay for incineration costs

48
Q

which item should go into a landfill rather than a recycling bin

A

window glass

49
Q

modern sanitary landfills are designed to have all except

A

rain water drainage to watershed

50
Q

which is caused by breathing in a material that was used for fireproofing buildings

A

mesothalioma

51
Q

which is caused by inadequate water sanitation

A

cholera

52
Q

all of the following are considered hazardous waste except

A

tires

53
Q

which process results in the biological breakdown of organic matter in sewage

A

secondary treatment/sludge

53
Q

large objects such as sticks and rocks are screened out and removed during this process

A

primary streatment

54
Q

this process uses chlorine, UV radiation or ozone as a part of the disinfection of wastewater

A

tertiary treatment

55
Q

most plastics pose a special problem in the waste stream because they

A

decompose slowly, if at all, and persist as solid waste

56
Q

which contaminant in municipal sewage sludge would make it unfit for use as fertilizer

A

heavy metals

57
Q

the best argument against the incineration of trash is that

A

contributes to air pollution

58
Q

what is the primary method of waste disposal in the US

A

landfill

59
Q

if an LD50 dosage is given to a population of organisms, one would expect that

A

50% would die

60
Q

an advantage of recycling aluminum rather than disposing of it in landfills is that aluminum

A

that is recycled requires less energy

60
Q

tertiary sewage treatment

A

removes nutrients

61
Q

a result of nonrecyclable items being placed in recycling bins is

A

production is slowed and costs rise

62
Q

what is the most effective method of waste reduction

A

reduce

62
Q

this pathogen infects the respitory systems, typically the lungs, and can spread the air

A

tuberculosis

apes (1 decks)

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