Unit 8 Flashcards
What are codons
3 nucleotides -(amino acid sequence)
Introns
A segment of dna or rna that do not code for protiens, interupts genes
Extrons
Section of dna or rna that Code for protiens
Dna polymarase
Requires a primer, process of dna replication
Rna polymarase
Binds to a promoter, transcribe the genetic information store in dna. To rna
Transcription
The copy of dna
Copying a segment of dna into rna
Translation
Rna uses mRna to make aminoc acid sequences
What are the three processes in posttranscriptional modification that must be completed before transcripts can be translated in eukaryotes?
Splicing, capping, addition of a poly A tail
What are promoters made of
Nucleic acids
Giffith
Use two straints r strains and smooth straint, and discovered that heat kill bacteria
Tranmission Principal
Avery and colleagues
Fallow the griffth expirement use dna and protien
Discover that Dna was rhe principle
Hershey and chase
Use bacteriphages
Dna was phospurus
Protien -sulfur
Dna injected itself in the bacteriaphages
Telomarase
The more telemorase -lives longer
Adds guanine
(Age)
Proofreading
Corrects mistakes of dna replication that the dna polymarase makes
Mistmatching
scans the replicated dna for mispaired base pairs and pair them with correct pair
A-T G-C
Excision
Takes out damage basepair and replaces it with a functional one
Central Dogma
Flow of genetic info from dna to dnd, rna to protien
Which base pair is the stronges
A-T
G-C
G-C because it has 3 hydrogen bonds
What is added to the 3’ end of an mRna transcriptuon during Rna processing
A Poly A tail
Transcrip the Dna sequence 5’-GCTATA
3”-CGAUAU-5’
What protien help Rna polymarase bind to the promoter for transcription
Transcription factors
What enzyme reloads a tRNA molecule with an amino acid?
Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase
What does primase add
Short strands of RNA to the lagging strand
Where do stop codons enter
They Enter the A site
What molecule transfers info from the nucleus to the cytoplasm in the eukaryotic cell
MRNA
Silent mutation
Same amino sequence just diff codon
