Unit 7.1

Question 1

Fossil fuels

Answer 1

contribute to the majority of humankind’s energy supply, and they vary widely in the impacts of their production and their emissions; their use is expected to increase to meet global energy demand.

Question 2

How are energy choices adopted?

Answer 2

society may be influenced by availability; sustainability; scientific and technological developments; cultural attitudes; and political, economic and environmental factors. These in turn affect energy security and independence.

Question 3

Influence on energy choice

Answer 3

• Fuel prices spike in response to OPEC oil embargo of the mid-1970s
• Increasing efficiency of solar panels drives down the per-unit cost

Question 4

Gas Battle
1. What happened in March 2005?
2. Jan 1, 2006?
3. Jan 4, 2006?

Answer 4

1. Russia claimed Ukraine was not paying for gas, but diverting that which was intended to be exported to the EU from the pipelines.
2. Russia cut off all gas supplies passing through Ukraine due to unpaid debts and using gas intended for other countries
3. an agreement between Russia and Ukraine was achieved and supply was restored.

Question 5

Shale Oil (aka tight oil) and Shale Gas

Answer 5

Found in shale rock that must be hydraulically fractured to extract the crude oil / natural gas
Used for heating and production of various chemicals

Countries with largest amount of recoverable shale oil resources include Russia, United States, China, Argentina,and Libya

Extraction thorough horizontal drilling techniques and hydraulic fracturing (aka fracking)

Question 6

What is fracking?

Answer 6

method of extracting oil and natural gas from underground rock formations by injecting high-pressure fluid to create fractures in the rock.

Question 7

Wind Turbines

Answer 7

To reduce coal emissions, Denmark shifted to wind turbines, despite a nuclear power ban. Wind energy, converting wind’s kinetic energy to electricity, now supplies over 30% of Denmark’s power.
Offshore turbines are linked to the national grid and interconnected with neighboring countries’ grids, allowing Denmark to trade electricity based on wind conditions.

Question 7

International-mindedness

Answer 7

Choice of energy sources can have impacts at both local and global level as emissions of greenhouse gases can contribute to global climatic change.

Question 8

pseudoscience

Answer 8

means false science or really is not a scientific endeavor