Unit 7: Genetics Flashcards

1
Q

Is the study of heredity. Genetics involves study is the passing of traits from parents to offspring.

A

Genetics

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2
Q

Is the passing of traits from parents to offspring.

A

Heredity

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3
Q

Are the characteristics of an organism. Examples are eye color, freckles, height or dimples.

A

Traits

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4
Q

Chromosomes are thread-like structures in the nucleus of cells that carry genetic information. A chromosome consists of a long strand of DNA containing many genes.

A

Chromosome

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5
Q

Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is a molecule made up of nucleotides that contains genetic information for cell growth, division and function.

A

DNA

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6
Q

A gene is a segment on a chromosome that determines a specific trait. Genes are the units of heredity.

A

Gene

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7
Q

The genetic make up or code of an organism - Ex: BB, Bb, bb

A

Genotype

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8
Q

The observable traits or physical appearance of an organism - Ex: brown eyes or blue eyes.

A

Phenotype

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9
Q

If an organism has two of the same kind of gene for a trait, it is called pure or homozygous.
Example: Homozygous brown eyes (BB) ~ Homozygous blue eyes (bb)

A

Homozygous

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10
Q

An organism with two different alleles for a trait is called heterozygous or hybrid.
Example: A heterozygous tall plant (Tt) expresses the dominant allele (T or tall) and thus, is tall.

A

Heterozygous

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