Unit 7 Control Flashcards

1
Q

Control system

A

A device (or set of devices) that manages; commands; directs or regulates the behaviour of other devices or systems. (IPO)

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2
Q

How a control system works

A

Sensor - Processor - Transducer - Feedback

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3
Q

Embedded system

A

Performs a specific function within a larger system

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4
Q

Microprocessor

A

An integrated circuit that contains all the functions of a CPU of a computer

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5
Q

Sensor

A

A device which detects or measures a physical property and records; indicates; or otherwise responds to it

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6
Q

Analog data

A

Data accepted by continuous variable

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7
Q

Output transducers

A

Turn the digital data into analogue signals to power ‘real world’ devices

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8
Q

Advantage of output transducers

A
  • Compatible with microprocessors and computers - Remote controllability and easy data transmission capability - Ease of convertability from analog to digital
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9
Q

Feedback

A

Modification or control of a process or system by its results or effects

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10
Q

Centralized system

A

Computing done at a central location; using terminals that are attached to central computer

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11
Q

Distributed system

A

System in which components located on networked computers communicate and coordinate their actions by passing messages.

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12
Q

Advantages of centralized system

A

Easier to administrate More control

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13
Q

Advantages of distributed system

A

Quicker access Shared load Response more specific to environment

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14
Q

Automated doors

A

Input: Access sensor; movement Process: Sends message to processor (triggered) Output: Doors on pulley system that rotates to pull door open; with timer that closes after a few seconds

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15
Q

Movement on automated doors

A

Interrupt on OS to stop door from closing

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16
Q

House heating

A

Input: Thermometer Process: Sends message to boiler; switches pump and water goes through house. Output: Radiates heat until the thermometer comes to required heat

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17
Q

Taxi Meter types

A

Timer based; Pay by mile

18
Q

Timer based taxi meter

A

Input: Clock Process: Checks how much time has gone by Output: Amount of money on screen

19
Q

Pay by mile

A

Process: Odometer; calculates cash; GPS receiver to calculate number of miles Output: Amount of money

20
Q

All outputs of taxi meter

A

Light on top of taxi Printer of receipt Card input device Payment to driver

21
Q

Elevator

A

Input: Button to call Process: Motor lifts up and down ; pressure and door sensors Output: Light inside elevator; Comes to floor

22
Q

Washing machine

A

Input: Settings - Button; how long Process: Spins Output: Done

23
Q

GPS

A

Input: User enters address/ place Process: Sends messages to satellites which would access the given location using trilateration. Sends result to client Output: Client receives directions

24
Q

Traffic light

A

Input: Vehicle detector Process: Check 7.1.1

25
Device drivers
Program -> OS -> Device drivers (interprets instructions from sensors) -> ROM
26
Device driver (definition)
Translation software used by the OS so that it can communicate with peripheral devices
27
Types of sensors
Motion Heat Speedometer GPS Timer Compass
28
Accessibility input devices
Wide range of input devices can be used to allow people with a range of disabilities operating computer hardware and software
29
Examples of accessibility input devices
Joystick Switch Keyboard alternatives
30
Input devices
Mouse Keyboard Joystick Light pen Touch pad Microphone Scanner Track Ball Digital Camera
31
In a system; the feedback
becomes the input
32
Social impacts and ethical considerations associated with the use of embedded systems
Tagging prisoners Surveillance CCTV
33
Evaluating systems
For and against argument Evaluation Costs Hardware and software Which is best for that scenario
34
Autonomous agents
Autonomy Reactive behavior Concurrency Persistence
35
Autonomy (AA)
Activates alone for tasks Selects tasks themselves - no human intervention needed
36
Reactive behavior (AA)
Sense the environment Reacts based on perceptions
37
Concurrency/Sociality (AA)
Interact with other agents through communication
38
Persistence (AA)
Runs continuously; not executed on demand
39
Ethical issues of computers replacing workers
Labor cost Quality of work Retraining Productivity Safety
40
Function of OS in control system
Controls hardware components Reading input devices Sends feedback