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IB Computer science > Unit 7 Control > Flashcards

Unit 7 Control Flashcards

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1
Q

Control system

A

A device (or set of devices) that manages; commands; directs or regulates the behaviour of other devices or systems. (IPO)

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2
Q

How a control system works

A

Sensor - Processor - Transducer - Feedback

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3
Q

Embedded system

A

Performs a specific function within a larger system

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4
Q

Microprocessor

A

An integrated circuit that contains all the functions of a CPU of a computer

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5
Q

Sensor

A

A device which detects or measures a physical property and records; indicates; or otherwise responds to it

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6
Q

Analog data

A

Data accepted by continuous variable

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7
Q

Output transducers

A

Turn the digital data into analogue signals to power ‘real world’ devices

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8
Q

Advantage of output transducers

A
  • Compatible with microprocessors and computers - Remote controllability and easy data transmission capability - Ease of convertability from analog to digital
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9
Q

Feedback

A

Modification or control of a process or system by its results or effects

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10
Q

Centralized system

A

Computing done at a central location; using terminals that are attached to central computer

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11
Q

Distributed system

A

System in which components located on networked computers communicate and coordinate their actions by passing messages.

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12
Q

Advantages of centralized system

A

Easier to administrate More control

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13
Q

Advantages of distributed system

A

Quicker access Shared load Response more specific to environment

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14
Q

Automated doors

A

Input: Access sensor; movement Process: Sends message to processor (triggered) Output: Doors on pulley system that rotates to pull door open; with timer that closes after a few seconds

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15
Q

Movement on automated doors

A

Interrupt on OS to stop door from closing

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16
Q

House heating

A

Input: Thermometer Process: Sends message to boiler; switches pump and water goes through house. Output: Radiates heat until the thermometer comes to required heat

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17
Q

Taxi Meter types

A

Timer based; Pay by mile

18
Q

Timer based taxi meter

A

Input: Clock Process: Checks how much time has gone by Output: Amount of money on screen

19
Q

Pay by mile

A

Process: Odometer; calculates cash; GPS receiver to calculate number of miles Output: Amount of money

20
Q

All outputs of taxi meter

A

Light on top of taxi Printer of receipt Card input device Payment to driver

21
Q

Elevator

A

Input: Button to call Process: Motor lifts up and down ; pressure and door sensors Output: Light inside elevator; Comes to floor

22
Q

Washing machine

A

Input: Settings - Button; how long Process: Spins Output: Done

23
Q

GPS

A

Input: User enters address/ place Process: Sends messages to satellites which would access the given location using trilateration. Sends result to client Output: Client receives directions

24
Q

Traffic light

A

Input: Vehicle detector Process: Check 7.1.1

25
Q

Device drivers

A

Program -> OS -> Device drivers (interprets instructions from sensors) -> ROM

26
Q

Device driver (definition)

A

Translation software used by the OS so that it can communicate with peripheral devices

27
Q

Types of sensors

A

Motion Heat Speedometer GPS Timer Compass

28
Q

Accessibility input devices

A

Wide range of input devices can be used to allow people with a range of disabilities operating computer hardware and software

29
Q

Examples of accessibility input devices

A

Joystick Switch Keyboard alternatives

30
Q

Input devices

A

Mouse Keyboard Joystick Light pen Touch pad Microphone Scanner Track Ball Digital Camera

31
Q

In a system; the feedback

A

becomes the input

32
Q

Social impacts and ethical considerations associated with the use of embedded systems

A

Tagging prisoners Surveillance CCTV

33
Q

Evaluating systems

A

For and against argument Evaluation Costs Hardware and software Which is best for that scenario

34
Q

Autonomous agents

A

Autonomy Reactive behavior Concurrency Persistence

35
Q

Autonomy (AA)

A

Activates alone for tasks Selects tasks themselves - no human intervention needed

36
Q

Reactive behavior (AA)

A

Sense the environment Reacts based on perceptions

37
Q

Concurrency/Sociality (AA)

A

Interact with other agents through communication

38
Q

Persistence (AA)

A

Runs continuously; not executed on demand

39
Q

Ethical issues of computers replacing workers

A

Labor cost Quality of work Retraining Productivity Safety

40
Q

Function of OS in control system

A

Controls hardware components Reading input devices Sends feedback

IB Computer science (18 decks)

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