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Civics > Unit 7-9 > Flashcards

Unit 7-9 Flashcards

1
Q

Implied powers

A

Powers not specifically written in the Constitution.

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2
Q

Must a person be a citizen to be President?

A

Yes

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3
Q

How hold does a person need to be to run for president?

A

35

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4
Q

of terms a president can serve

A

2

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5
Q

Powers of the President

A

Serve as commander in chief of the armed forces
Commission officers of the armed forces
Grant reprieves and pardons for federal offenses
Convene Congress in special sessions
Receive ambassadors
Appoint officials to lesser offices

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6
Q

State of the Union Address

A

The president’s annual statement to Congress and the nation.

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7
Q

List of Cabinet Departments

A

state, treasury, defense, justice, interior, agriculture, commerce, labor, health and human services, housing and urban development, transportation, energy, education, veterans affairs, homeland security

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8
Q

civil law

A

A law that governs relationships between individuals and defines their legal rights

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9
Q

Criminal Law

A

A law that defines crimes against the public order.

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10
Q

Gerrymandering

A

Process of redrawing legislative boundaries for the purpose of benefiting the party in power.

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11
Q

democracy

A

A political system in which the supreme power lies in a body of citizens who can elect people to represent them

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12
Q

jurisdiction

A

The authority of a court to hear a case

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13
Q

foreign policy

A

A nation’s overall plan for dealing with other nations

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14
Q

original jurisdiction

A

the authority to hear cases for the first time

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15
Q

appellate jurisdiction

A

The authority of a court to review decisions made by lower courts

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16
Q

ambassadors

A

Highest-ranking officials representing a government in a foreign country.

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17
Q

concurring opinion

A

a statement written by a justice who votes with the majority, but for different reasons

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18
Q

Pardon

A

legal forgiveness of a crime

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19
Q

Presidential Succession

A

the order in which the office of president is to be filled if it becomes vacant

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20
Q

appeal

A

apply to a higher court for a reversal of the decision of a lower court.

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21
Q

judicial review

A

Allows the court to determine the constitutionality of laws

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22
Q

Speaker of the House

A

the leader of the majority party who serves as the presiding officer of the House of Representatives

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23
Q

Statutory Law

A

Law passed by the U.S. Congress or state legislatures

24
Q

Supreme Court

A

the highest federal court in the United States

25
Q

precedent

A

How similar cases have been decided in the past.

26
Q

opinion

A

a detailed explanation of the legal thinking behind a court’s decision in a case

27
Q

Joint Chiefs of Staff

A

high-ranking military officers who represent the Navy, Army, Air Force and Marines. They assist the civilian leaders of the Department of Defense-advise the president on security matters.

28
Q

Common Law

A

a system of law based on precedent and customs

29
Q

justices

A

Judges of the Supreme Court

30
Q

President Pro Tempore

A

a high-ranking Senator of the majority party who presides over the US Senate in the absence of the vice president.

31
Q

secretary

A

Title of most cabinet members

32
Q

whip

A

a senator or representative who helps the party leader stay informed about what party members are thinking

33
Q

dissenting opinion

A

A statement written by a justice who disagrees with the majority opinion, presenting his or her opinion

34
Q

regulatory commissions

A

agencies of the executive branch of government that control or direct some aspect of the economy

35
Q

remand

A

to send a case back to a lower court to be tried again

36
Q

The function of the Judicial branch is to ______

A

Interpret laws

37
Q

In the US, those accused of crimes are considered ________ until proven _________.

A

innocent; guilty

38
Q

The Supreme Court is mainly a(n) _________ court.

A

appellate

39
Q

of SCOTUS Justices

A

9

40
Q

How long do SCOTUS Justices serve?

A

life

41
Q

administrative laws

A

laws established by the bureaucracy, on behalf of Congress

42
Q

Approx. # of cases the SCOTUS hears per year

A

120

43
Q

most recent addition to the SCOTUS

A

Amy Coney Barrett

44
Q

Which court case established judicial review?

A

Marbury v. Madison

45
Q

Approving presidential appointees is a __________ check on the Executive Branch.

A

Legislative

46
Q

Declaring a law or action unconstitutional is a ________ check on the other 2 branches.

A

Judicial

47
Q

Brown v. Board of Education

A

Separate but equal is unconstitutional

48
Q

NYT v. US

A

ruled 1st amendment (freedom of the press) protected the New York Times to publish Pentagon Papers

49
Q

Miranda v. Arizona

A

The accused must be notified of their rights before being questioned by the police

50
Q

Tinker v. Des Moines

A

The case that ruled that students do not lose Constitutional rights when they entered the building but they can be limited if they cause a disruption

51
Q

Roe v. Wade

A

legalized abortion on the basis of a woman’s right to privacy

52
Q

Chief Justice of the SCOTUS

A

John Roberts

53
Q

of Representatives in the House

A

435

54
Q

of Senators

A

100

55
Q

Delegated powers of Congress

A

Financing government, regulate trade, defend the country, create lower courts, provide for growth

Civics (2 decks)

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