unit 7

Question 1

graphic arts

Answer 1

printmaking; woodcut, engraving, etching, dry point, lithography; graphic design

Question 2

graphic design

Answer 2

art of combining text and images to communicate messages visually - often used in advertising, branding, and digital media.

Question 3

printmaking

Answer 3

the process of creating artworks by transferring ink from a prepared surface onto paper or other materials.

Question 4

woodcut

Answer 4

a printmaking technique where an image is carved into a woodblock - with the raised areas holding ink and producing the print.

Question 5

engraving

Answer 5

a printmaking technique where designs are incised into a hard surface, like metal, which is then inked and pressed onto paper.

Question 6

etching

Answer 6

a printmaking process that uses acid to bite into a metal plate where the artist has drawn, creating lines that hold ink for printing.

Question 7

dry point

Answer 7

a printmaking technique where the artist scratches the design directly onto a metal plate with a sharp tool, creating a burr that holds ink.

Question 8

lithography

Answer 8

a printmaking method that involves drawing on a flat stone or metal plate with a greasy substance - then using chemical processes to create prints from the drawn areas.

Question 9

photogravure

Answer 9

a printmaking process that combines photography and etching - where a photographic image is transferred onto a metal plate and then etched for printing.

Question 10

polymer plates

Answer 10

used in modern printmaking - flexible plates coated with light-sensitive polymer material, allowing for detailed & durable prints.

Question 11

typography

Answer 11

the art and technique of arranging type (fonts) to make written language legible, readable, and visually appealing.

Question 12

commercial art

Answer 12

refers to art that is made for the purposes of commerce.

Question 13

low art

Answer 13

art forms considered to be more accessible or popular, often associated with mass culture, such as cartoons, crafts, or graffiti.

Question 14

high art

Answer 14

art forms regarded as culturally sophisticated and often associated with classical traditions - such as fine art painting, sculpture, printmaking, fine books, etc.

Question 15

photography

Answer 15

traditional and digital images from a camera, scanner or Photoshop

Question 16

digital photography

Answer 16

capturing images using digital cameras, where the image is recorded as digital data rather than on film.

Question 17

videotape

Answer 17

digital moving images

Question 18

video

Answer 18

a medium that records and plays back moving images and sound, often used in contemporary art to create narrative or experimental works.

Question 19

cinema

Answer 19

moving images using traditional film

Question 20

film

Answer 20

a medium that captures and projects moving images, typically used in cinema and fine art to create unique works.

Question 21

sculpture

Answer 21

three-dimensional objects; carved, modeled or assembled; freestanding or in relief; high relief, low relief

Question 22

reductive sculpture

Answer 22

sculpture created by removing material from a larger mass - such as carving stone or wood, to reveal the final form.

Question 23

additive sculpture

Answer 23

sculpture created by adding material to build up a form - such as clay modeling or assembling various elements.

Question 24

assembled sculpture

Answer 24

type of sculpture made by combining different materials or objects.

Question 25

relief sculpture

Answer 25

a shallow, sculptural form whose image has shallow depth, frequently used in architecture

Question 26

bas-relief

Answer 26

a shallow, sculptural form whose image has shallow depth, frequently used in architecture

Question 27

edge qualities

Answer 27

the characteristics of the boundaries between objects, how the medium of an artwork describes the border of an object or area

Question 28

hard edge

Answer 28

a style in painting or design characterized by clean, sharp boundaries between colors or shapes, with no blending or soft transitions.

Question 29

blurred edge

Answer 29

a visual effect where the boundaries between colors, shapes, or objects are softened or indistinct - creating a sense of movement or atmosphere.

Question 30

distinct edge

Answer 30

clear and sharp boundary between forms, colors, or areas in a composition - making each element stand out crisply.

Question 31

volumetric

Answer 31

creating the illusion of three-dimensions with use of the modeling and chiaroscuro

Question 32

chiaroscuro

Answer 32

as discussed in the light and shade lecture in week six, is an Italian term and is an enormously important concept for certain visual realities. Chiaroscuro is frequently used, and it relates to the use of light and dark to create the illusion of a volumetric object on a two-dimensional surface. Chiaroscuro in translation to English means light and dark.

Question 33

perspective

Answer 33

a system for reproducing three-dimensional space on a flat surface there are several different techniques or systems; atmospheric perspective, one point and multiple point perspective, intuitive perspective, oblique perspective, reverse perspective

Question 34

atmospheric perspective

Answer 34

technique in painting that creates the illusion of depth by using less detail in the background - mimicking the effect of the atmosphere on distant objects.

Question 35

one-point perspective

Answer 35

drawing method where parallel lines converge at a single vanishing point on the horizon - creating the illusion of depth.

Question 36

multiple point perspective

Answer 36

technique where several vanishing points are used on the same composition to depict objects from different angles - creating a dynamic sense of space.

Question 37

intuitive perspective

Answer 37

technique where depth is suggested based on the artist’s instinct or observation rather than strict mathematical rules - often seen in early Renaissance art.

Question 38

oblique perspective

Answer 38

technique where an object is positioned with one corner facing the viewer, and the lines (orthogonal) recede toward two vanishing points on either side of the corner. The object’s edges remain parallel to the picture plane and do not diminish vertically - creating a sense of depth with a unique, stylized perspective.

Question 39

reverse perspective

Answer 39

technique where the perspective lines diverge instead of converging - making objects appear to expand as they recede - often used in Byzantine and medieval art.

Question 40

gold leaf

Answer 40

gold metal that has been hammered to be extremely thin and capable of being attached to many surfaces such as paper, gessoed wood, and smooth metal