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apush :| > Unit 6 Test > Flashcards

Unit 6 Test Flashcards

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AP® U.S. History flashcards
1
Q

13th Amendment

A

Abolished slavery

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2
Q

14th Amendment

A

citizenship

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3
Q

15th Amendment

A

voting rights

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4
Q

Dawes Act

A

-tribal lands divided into family sized plots
- 90 million acres of reservation lands were sold to white settlers
- great reduction of native american population

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5
Q

Homestead Act

A

Gave free land to people who were willing to settle and farm in the west

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6
Q

Jim Crow Laws

A

Laws that segregated black and white spaces

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7
Q

Pendleton Civil Service Reform Act

A

Switched president-hired government jobs from patronage to a competitive examination.

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8
Q

Plessy v. Ferguson

A

established that racial segregation was constitutional as long as both facilities were equal. “separate but equal”

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9
Q

Sherman Antitrust Act

A

Law that was passed that attempted to take down monopolies. It was largely ineffective.

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10
Q

Slaughterhouse Cases

A

Ruled that a citizen’s “privileges and immunities,” as protected by the Constitution’s Fourteenth Amendment against the states, were limited to those spelled out in the Constitution and did not include many rights given by the individual states.

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11
Q

Treaty of Fort Laramie

A

United States recognized the Black Hills as part of the Great Sioux Reservation, set aside for exclusive use by the Sioux people.

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12
Q

Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo

A

peace treaty between the United States and Mexico that officially ended the Mexican-American War. Gave the U.S lots of land (see unit 5 flashcards)

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13
Q

U.S. v. E.C. Knight

A

Court found that the Sherman Anti-Trust Act was constitutional, but can only regulate interstate commerce and not intrastate commerce.

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14
Q

Depression of 1893

A

Economic crash caused by the collapse of 2 of the nation’s largest employers

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15
Q

Haymarket Square

A

-Caused the KoL to fall apart
-peaceful protest for an 8hr workday but a bomb went off not KoL
-reputation was ruined

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16
Q

Pullman Strike (Eugene Debs)

A
  • boycotted the pullman Co. train cars
    -cut wages and fired workers who protested
    -company linked the cars to federal trains so they could not boycott
  • Eugene D and others were arrested
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17
Q

Sand Creek Massacre Riot

A

troops attacked and destroyed a village of friendly natives. Marked a turning point in the relationship between American Indian tribes and the Federal Government.

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18
Q

President Garfield

A

was assassinated by a man who got rejected from a government job. Relates to the Civil Service Reform Act

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19
Q

American Federation of Labor (Samuel Gompers)

A

-association of craft workers
-1M members
-wanted higher wages and safer conditions

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20
Q

American Protective Assocition

A

-American Anti-Catholic secret society

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21
Q

Andrew Carnegie

A

Owned a steel company

Believed that those with wealth had a God-given duty to invest that back into society.
Created opportunities by investing into public facilities like libraries and concert halls.

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22
Q

Booker T. Washington

A

-Believed that black people did not need to fight for equality on a political level
-believed that an economic advantage would lead to power

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23
Q

Charles Darwin

A

strong eat the weak

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24
Q

Charles Schwab

A

Founder and president of the U.S. Steel Corporation

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25
Q

Cornelius Vanderbilt

A

railroad owner who popularized the use of steel rails in his railroads

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26
Q

Eugene V Debs

A

Leader of the Pullman strike.
Started the socialist party of America
Ran for president

27
Q

Frederick W. Taylor

A

His time-and-motion system led to modern mass production techniques

28
Q

The Grangers

A

gave education to farmers. Promoted the social and economic needs of farmers in the United States.

29
Q

Herbert Spencer

A

Developed the survival-of-the-fittest theories with William Graham Sumner

30
Q

Industrial Workers of the World

A

-international, radical labor union
-socialist and anarchist labor movement

31
Q

Jane Addams

A

-Created settlement homes to help struggling Chicago immigrants.
-Aim was to help immigrants assimilate into American society

32
Q

John Muir

A

famous naturalist and founder of the Sierra Club

33
Q

John Rockefeller

A
  • Owner of Standard Oil
  • used horizontal integration
34
Q

J.P. Morgan

A

A banker who financed the reorganization of railroads, insurance companies, and banks

35
Q

Knights of Labor

A

-open to EVERYONE
-destruction of trusts and monopolies
-abolition of child labor

36
Q

Populist Party

A

-populism
-spread the wealth
-graduate income tax
-8hr work day

37
Q

Samuel Gompers

A

founder of the American Federation of Labor

38
Q

Sierra Club

A

dedicated to the enjoyment and preservation of America’s great mountains

39
Q

Socialist Party of America

A

means of production should be in the hands of the people and wealth should be spread more or less evenly.

40
Q

Standard Oil

A

monopoly known for its practice of horizontal integration

41
Q

Thomas Edison

A

Creation of the lightbulb. No longer had to rely on sunlight.

42
Q

bison

A

used by settlers for food, shelter, tools, an materials.

43
Q

blue-collar workers

A

a job relating to wage earners

44
Q

capitalism

A

A system of economic production based on the private ownership of property and the contractual exchange for profit of goods, labor, ad money.

45
Q

cattle drive

A

the forced migration of massive numbers of cattle to the railroads where they could be shipped to the East

46
Q

convict leasing system

A

state and local governments would lease out prisoners to private businesses and individuals, who would then use the prisoners as a source of labor

47
Q

economies of scale

A

factory owners purchased more raw materials, kept machines closer to capacity and paid less in costs so that products could be sold cheaper.

48
Q

eugenics

A

pseudo-science that determined “inferior” races

49
Q

exoduster

A

Southern black people moved to the West

50
Q

populism

A

to the people

51
Q

robber barons

A

industrialists or big business owners who gained huge profits by paying their employees extremely low wages

52
Q

sharecropping

A

people who could not afford land would sign with someone who had land and would work there. Promising to share a part of the harvest. These people usually ended up in debt.

53
Q

skyscrapers

A

really tall buildings. nowhere to go but up.

54
Q

telegraph

A

Machine invented by Samuel Morse that used a system of dots and dashes to send messages across long distances electronically through a wire.

55
Q

telephone

A

invented by Alexander Graham Bell

56
Q

tenant farming

A

The landowners would rent out pieces of their land to a tenant farmer

57
Q

tenements

A

hastily-built “apartments” that were often full of dirt, disease, and had little space.

58
Q

transcontinental railroad

A

a continuous rail line constructed from the east to west coast.

59
Q

trusts

A

A trust is a legal arrangement in which a group of companies turns over their stock to a board of trustees

60
Q

white-collar workers

A

usually salery workers.

61
Q

laissez faire

A

let be

62
Q

Social darwinism

A

The belief that only the fittest survive in human political and economic struggle.

63
Q

The gospel of wealth

A

extremely wealthy Americans like himself had a responsibility to spend their money in order to benefit the greater good

64
Q

New South

A

become increasingly industrialized.

apush :| (2 decks)

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