Unit 6 - Networks and the Internet

Question 1

What does ARPA stand for?

Answer 1

Advanced Research Projects Agency. U.S. Government research

Question 2

What is a LAN?

Answer 2

A local area network where all computers within a physical location are connected to.

Question 3

What does UTP stand for?

Answer 3

Unshielded Twisted Pair. It is a cable for networking computers together and has an RJ-45 connector.

Question 4

What is a HUB?

Answer 4

The simplest of network devices. It takes the signal from one cable and splits it out to several others. With four out-signals it would be a four port hub. Sending information back is sending it through the uplink connection.

Question 5

What is a switch?

Answer 5

Similar to a hub but has basic filtering of data. Switches can prevent e.g. a broadcast storm, making sure data sent to the broadcast address is only sent to the ones that can receive it.

Question 6

What is a router?

Answer 6

An intelligent networking device. It can filter data, block it, and ensures data is only sent to the correct destination.

Question 7

What is the most common network topology today?

Answer 7

Star topology.

Question 8

What is a ring topology?

Answer 8

A ring of devices connected together. Each computer passes all signals along, and it is not fault-tolerant.

Question 9

What is a mesh topology?

Answer 9

Every node is connected to every other node. Very fault-tolerant but requires lots of cabling.

Question 10

What is a star topology?

Answer 10

A central hub or switch that sends traffic to all outer node. It is fault-tolerant unless the central hub fails.

Question 11

What is a bus topology?

Answer 11

All computers are connected to the bus, and if a connection is broken the entire network fails. Not fault tolerant, but is used in some network backbones.

Question 12

What is a hybrid network topolgy?

Answer 12

A topology that combines multiple topologies.

Question 13

What are characters of a wired network?

Answer 13

Device physically limited by a cable

Relatively easy to troubleshoot

Fast data speeds

Very secure

Question 14

What are the characteristics of a wireless network?

Answer 14

Device can move freely within range

Can be difficult to troubleshoot

Medium data speeds

Easy to intercept (hack) the signal)

Only requires a wireless access point (and wireless support on the device)

Question 15

What is the IEEE?

Answer 15

Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers. An organization providing technical standardization for wireless networks among other things.

Question 16

What is IEE 802.11?

Answer 16

The standard for WiFi. Going up to 802.11ac which allows up to 3Gbps speeds over 2.4 and 5GHz frequencies.

Question 17

How many layers are in the OSI model?

Answer 17

Seven

Question 18

What is OSI layer 1?

Answer 18

P – Physical Layer is the physical devices and electrical signals. Hubs, switches, routers, cabling.

Wireless frequencies, bit rate control

Question 19

What is OSI layer 2?

Answer 19

D – Data Link Layer responsible for formatting electrical signals into data, local network error checking including collisions (collision detection).

MAC (Medium Access Control), Logical Link Control (LLC), PPP (Point-to-Point Protocol)

Question 20

What is OSI layer 3?

Answer 20

N – Network Layer responsible for routing data via IP-address. Data is organized into packets.

Question 21

What is OSI layer 4?

Answer 21

T – Transport Layer sends and receives data using protocols and settings.

TCP/UDP are in layer 4. TLS is partly in Layer 4, partly in layer 6.

Question 22

What is OSI layer 5?

Answer 22

S – Session Layer maintaining and communication for sessions (e.g. ports)

DNS, name resolution protocols, user logon, session management.

Question 23

What is OSI layer 6?

Answer 23

P – Presentation Layer containing data formatting (e.g. Unicode) and encryption.

Question 24

What is OSI layer 7?

Answer 24

A – Application Layer containing user interface and applications.

Question 25

What is ethernet?

Answer 25

Officially a set of IEEE 802.3 standards, but also commonly referred to the wired network and ethernet ports.

Question 26

How many layers does the TCP/IP model have?

Answer 26

Four
A – Application Layer contains application, presentation and session layer from OSI.

T – Transport Layer is the same as the OSI Transport layer

I – Internet Layer maps to the OSI Network layer

N – Network Access Layer is data link and physical layer

Question 27

Which 32-bit settings are configured for TCP/IP?

Answer 27

IP address

Subnet mask

Default gateway

Question 28

What are the two parts of an IP address?

Answer 28

Network ID and host ID

Question 29

What is a subnet mask?

Answer 29

Also called a prefix, it shows which part of the IP address is the network ID.

Question 30

What is the default gateway?

Answer 30

A network device (often a router) that allows access to other devices outside the local network. Not needed for internal communication.

Question 31

What is HTML?

Answer 31

Hyper Text Markup language, used for communication on websites.

Question 32

What is DHCP?

Answer 32

Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol. Provides devices with an IP, a subnet mask and default gateway. Also provides DNS addresses.

Question 33

What is DNS?

Answer 33

Domain Name System. It translates IP addresses to human-readable web addresses.

Question 34

What is a URL?

Answer 34

Uniform Resource Locator. It’s a human-readable web address.

Question 35

In https://www.leaseplan.com, what is the computer name?

Answer 35

WWW

Question 36

What is 6LoWPAN?

Answer 36

A protocol for power savings on IoT devices.