UNIT 6 - MOTIVATION Flashcards
The process by which activities are started, directed, and continued so that physical or psychological needs or wants are met.
Motivation
A type of motivation in which a person performs an action because it leads to an outcome that is separate or external to the person.
Extrinsic motivation
A type of motivation in which a person performs an action because the act itself is rewarding or satisfying in some internal manner
Intrinsic motivation
The biologically determined and innate patterns of behavior that exist in both people and animals.
Instincts
Approach to motivation that assumes behavior arises from internal drives to push the organism to satisfy physiological needs and reduce tension and arousal.
Drive-reduction theory
A requirement of some material (such as food or water) that is essential for the survival of the organism.
Need
Those drives that involve the needs of the body such as hunger and thirst for survival.
Primary drives
Those drives that are learned through experience or conditioning, such as the need for money or social approval.
Acquired (secondary) drives
The tendency of the body to maintain a steady state.
Homeostasis
In ________, the body maintains balance in its physical state.
Homeostasis
The need for friendly social interactions and relationships with others.
Need for affiliation (nAff)
The need to have control or influence over others.
Need for power (nPow)
A need that involves a strong desire to succeed in attaining goals, not only realistic ones but also challenging ones.
Need for achievement (nAch)
Theory of motivation that believes that little control over what happens may lead to learned helplessness
Carol Dweck’s self theory of motivation
A motive that appears to be unlearned but causes an increase in stimulation, such as curiosity.
Stimulus motive
A theory of motivation in which people are said to have an optimal (best or ideal) level of tension that they seek to maintain by increasing or decreasing stimulation.
Arousal theory
Someone who needs more arousal than the average person.
Sensation seeker
Things that attract or lure people into action.
Incentives
Theories of motivation in which behavior is explained as a response to the external stimulus and its rewarding properties.
Incentive approaches
According to Maslow, the point that is seldom reached at which people have sufficiently satisfied their lower needs and achieved their full human potential.
Self-actualization
According to Maslow, times in a person’s life during which self-actualization is temporarily achieved.
Peak experiences
Theory of human motivation in which the social context of an action influences the type of motivation existing for the action.
Self-determination theory
Feeling of being in control to direct one’s action.
Autonomy
Gaining mastery of a task or skill to help achieve one’s goal.
Competence
