Unit 6 Local Governmet Flashcards by Karen Hart

The Units of local governments in Virginia are political subdivision created by the General assembly. They include what three areas. And these local governments exercise what three powers

Countries, towns, and cities.

Legislative, executive, and judicial powers

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Counties
Each Virginia county has an elected________ _____ ____________. Which exercises ___________ powers, enacting ____________(local laws), and adopting an __________ __________.

Board of supervisors
Legislative powers
Ordinances
Annual budget

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Each Virginia city has an elected _____ _______. Which exercises _________ powers, enacting ____________(local laws), and adopting an _______ __________. A_______ is elected either by the voters or the ________ ________member.

City council
Legislative powers 
Ordinances 
Annual budget
Major
City council

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Each Virginia county and city has an elected or appointed _________ __________, which oversees the operation of the k-12 public schools inthecounty or city.

School board

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Towns
Each Virginia incorporated town has an elected _______ _________, which exercises legislative powers, enacting ordinances and adopting an annual budget. A ________ is elected either by the voters or the town council members.

Town council

Mayor

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In Virginia counties, towns, and cities a _________ may be hired by the elected legislative branch to oversee the operations of the local government. If there is one of these , the mayor serves at mostly ceremonial

Manager

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The judicial branch of local governments. Local courts help resolve disputes and decide if people are innocent or guilty of breaking local ordinances. Name each court.
Main trial courts____________
Minor civil, criminal, and traffic courts__________
Family and kids__________
Small civil court_____________

Circuit court
District court
Juvenile and domestic relations court
Small claims court

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The authority of local government in Virginia is derived from the______. All powers of local government in Virginia are given to them by the________ __ _______and the acts of the_______ _________.

State
Constitution of Virginia
Acts of the General assembly

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Enforcing state and local laws

Ordinances

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Promoting public health

Health clinics, trash collections

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Protecting public safety

Ambulances, police, firefighters

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Educating children

Public schools

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Protecting the environment

Chesapeake bay foundation, local littering laws

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Regulating land use

Zoning laws. Commercial, residential

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Levying and collecting taxes

Property taxes, real estate taxes, sales tax, no income tax

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Legislative branch 
County: board of supervisors 
Town: town council
City: city council
Executive branch
County: administrator and or manager
Town: mayor and or manager
City: mayor and or manager
Judicial branch: circuit courts, district courts, juvenile and domestic relations courts, small claims court.

Also know 
Powers: enforcing state and local laws 
Promoting public health
Promoting public safety 
Educating children
Protecting the environment 
Regulating land use
Collecting taxes

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Sheriff:
Clerk of the circuit court:
Commissioner of the revenue:
Treasurer:
Commonwealth's attorney:

Enforces the law
Keeps records and legal documents, info desk for the court system
Deals with taxes
Like a banker, collects for the city and makes payments
Serves as a lawyer for the local government, prosecutor in local criminal cases

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Required by the Virginia constitution: elected by the voters for the area they serve

Constitutional officers

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Keeps records and legal documents

Clerk of the circuit court

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Enforces the laws

Sheriff

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Deals with taxes

Commissioner of the revenue

The lawyer for the local government; prosecutes in criminal cases

Commonwealths attorney

Oversees the public schools in a city or county

School board

A local law

Ordinance

Hired by the legislative body to help oversee the operations of local government

Manager

Collects money for the local government and makes payments ( like a banker)

Treasurer

Local government derives its powers from the

State

Name two powers exercised by local governments

Educating children | Public health

The units of local government in Virginia include

Counties, towns, and cities

Each county in Virginia has an elected ______, which serves as the legislative body.

Board of supervisors

Each Virginia town has an elected______,which serves as the legislative body

Town council

The elected legislature in Virginias cities is the

City council

What document requires the voters in every locality to elect a sheriff, and clerk of court, a commissioner of revenue, and a treasurer

The Virginia constitution

In Virginia localities, the legislative branch may hired a _________ to oversee the day to day operations.

Manager

``` Judges of the following courts hear cases in each localities District court Circuit court Juvenile and domestic relations court ___________ Which court is missing ```

Small claims court

Each city and county has a_______to oversee the operation of the k-12 public schools.

School board

Local governments exercise defined and limited powers, which include-

Regulating land use

Cities and towns elect a_________ to head the executive branch

Mayor

The constitutional officer who acts as a lawyer for the locality and serves as the prosecutor in criminal cases is the

Commonwealth attorney

The authority of local government in Virginia is derived from_______, as listed in the Virginia constitution

The state

The voters of each locality elect a______ to help with law enforcement

Sheriff

Localities adopt and enforce local laws called

Ordinances

In a locality, the elected position who collects money and makes payments for the local government is the

Treasurer

Local government is the level of government that effects citizens and local government is also where the citizens have the most influence.

Study this paragraph only

What are ordinances

Local laws

How do locality's pass ordinances

Introduced by any council member at any regular meeting Public hearing is held during a regular council meeting. At this time anyone has the right to speak on the issue. Council members may adopt(approve) or deny(reject) the ordinance.

How do ordinances affect citizens

Determine whether the property next to your home will be used for a factory, park, apartment, or house. Establish the number of smoke detectors required in the stores where you shop. Set a limit on how high you can build your fence around your home. Establish requirements for safe food-handling in your favorite restaurant Require you to keep your dog on a leash while walking in a park Require regular safety inspections on the elevators in office and apartment buildings Set up garbage collection in your neighborhood.

How can citizens influence local government

Local governments often seek input on public policy by holding hearings that are open to the public. In these hearings, citizens may voice their opinions to local leaders about ideas on the agenda. Citizens can influence policy directly by running for local office or seeking volunteer positions in local government.

Local governments react to global issues. Local governments may be required to formulate, adopt, and implement public policies in response to international issues and events such as......what four things

1. Public health concerns in the event of a pandemic(world wide illness) diseases carried by persons traveling abroad( h1n1, West Nile virus, Ebola, zika. 2. Public safety in the event of an act of terrorism Acts of terrorism involve government at all levels( Boston bombing, World Trade Center) 3. Economic development policies in response to the emerging global economy Environmental issues do not usually stay within boundaries(oil spills, wild fires)

Study page

130

The units of local governments in Virginia are

Political subdivision created by general assembly