Unit 6- Lesson 3: The Cell Cycle Flashcards
Cell Division
A process cells go through to become two new cells called daughter cells.
Mitosis
A type of cell division that creates two new, identical daughter cells.
Cell Cycle
A period of time between the birth and death of a cell.
chromosome
DNA that has been coiled up to look like an X.
Chromatin
DNA that has not been coiled up. Chromatin looks like a bowl of spaghetti.
Centromere
a protein that holds two halves of a chromosome together.
Centriole
An organelle that helps organize and pull apart chromosomes during cell division.
G1 Phase
A time period during the cell cycle when organelles and proteins are replicated. This is the longest phase of mitosis.
S phase
A period of time during the cell cycle when new DNA is synthesized.
G2 Phase
A period of time during the cell cycle when the cell prepares for mitosis and finises replicating organelles and proteins. This is the shortest phase of interphase.
Interphase
A period of time during the cell cycle when the cell is not dividing. 90% of the Cell’s time is spent in this phase.
Prophase
A period of time during Mitosis when the cells DNA is coiling into chromosomes and the nuclear membrane is beginning to break down.
Metaphase
A period of time during Mitosis when the cells chromosomes are lined up at the middle of the cell.
Anaphase
A period of time during Mitosis when the cells chromosomes are pulled away from each other.
Telophase
A period of time during Mitosis when the cells begin two form two new nuclei around the two divided sets of chromosomes.
